【作者】 冷蕾；

【导师】 李平亚；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 药物化学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 林下参(Panax ginseng C.A.Mey.),习称“籽海”,属五加科(Araliceae)人参属(Panax)植物,是播种在山林野生状态下自然生长的中药材,经过20年以上的自然生长其质量可与同龄的山参相媲美。已发现的人参化学成分有人参皂苷、人参多糖、挥发油、氨基酸、多肽、有机酸、脂肪油、生物碱、甾醇、木质素、无机元素、黄酮类、维生素类等。人参活性成分主要有人参皂苷、人参多糖、挥发油、氨基酸和多肽等几大类,现代药理研究表明,人参具有抗疲劳、改善记忆、抗抑郁、镇静及镇痛、抗心律失常、抗肿瘤、抗辐射等药理活性。本文主要对林下参种子做了以下几方面的工作:1.综述了人参的化学成分、生物活性研究及临床应用的研究概况。2.对林下参种子中的总皂苷含量进行了测定。3.化学成分研究:利用柱层析法、萃取、重结晶等化学和物理方法,从林下参种子中分离得到10个单体化合物,依据理化性质、光谱学分析和化学方法,确定了其中7个单体化合物的结构,分别为:20(S)-人参皂苷Rg3(Ⅰ)、人参皂苷Re(Ⅱ)、人参皂苷Rd(Ⅲ)、20(S)-人参皂苷Rh2(Ⅳ)、蔗糖(Ⅴ)、人参皂苷Rc(Ⅵ)和顺-6-十八碳烯酸(Ⅶ)。4.对林下参种子70%乙醇提取物、人参皂苷Rg3、人参皂苷Re、人参皂苷二醇组、人参皂苷三醇组进行了抗利尿实验研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, the chemical compositions and pharmacological activities of the seeds of Panax ginseng C.A.Mey. were studied.According to the references, many kinds of compounds has been isolated and identified, such as panaxsaponin,panaxan, essential oil,flavonoids,alkaloid,amino acids,vitamin,mineral element and so on. The modern pharmacological studies showed that Panax ginseng C.A.Mey. had the effects of anti-tiredness,improve remembrance,anti- athymia,mitigate effect, analgesic effect, anti- arhythmia, anti- tumor,anti-aging,anti-radiation etc.. In order to find out more chemical constituents which have bioactivities in the seed of Panax ginseng C.A.Mey. and develop more new drug products, our group gave a Systematic investigation on the seed of Panax ginseng C.A.Mey.. The research methods and results as follow: Firstly, pulverized and dried the seeds of Panax ginseng C.A.Mey. (0.5kg).Than, the powder were extracted with 70% ethanol and the extracts were concentrated in vacuo and got a ethanol parts(51.2g). Secondly, ethanol parts were divided into two parts.One was the ethanol part(25g),which which were dealt with silica gel chromatography by using several kinds of solvent systems and recrystallizing repeatly,got seven compounds.The other was extracted with n-butanol, concentrated in vacuo and got a n-butanol part. Than , this part was elute by 4020 resin for saponin. The saponin was also dealt with silica gel chromatography by using several kinds of solvent systems and recrystallizing repeatly , got three compounds.Among of them, the structures of seven compounds were established and identified on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence(1HNMR , 13CNMR , 2DNMR). They are 20(S)-ginsenside Rg3(Ⅰ), ginsenside Re(Ⅱ), ginsenside Rd(Ⅲ), 20( S)-ginsenside Rh2 (Ⅳ), sucrose(Ⅴ), ginsenside Rc(Ⅵ),(z)-6-octadecenoic acid (Ⅶ).The antidiuresis of the ethanol extractive of the seeds of Panax ginseng C.A.Mey.,ginsenoside Rg3, ginsenoside Re , Panaxadiol Saponin,Panaxatriol Saponin. The results showed that the ethanol extractive of the seed of Panax ginseng C.A.Mey.,ginsenoside Rg3,Panaxadiol Saponin , Panaxatriol Saponin had conspicuous effect on antidiuresis.But the ginsenoside Re was weaker than other. At the same time, the effective of Panaxadiol Saponin and Panaxatriol Saponin are better than others. Than, with the kits method,the content of K+,Na+ and Cl- in urine collected were measured. The result indicated that the effective of antidiuresis relates to the drainage of K+.更多还原