【作者】 郝国丽；

【导师】 单玄龙；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 矿产普查与勘探， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本文通过对松辽盆地齐家北地区扶余油层砂岩岩心观察、薄片鉴定、扫描电镜观察和包裹体测温等分析方法,确定了扶余油层的成岩作用规律和成岩相的特征及其对储层发育的影响并进行了精细描述。通过岩心观察和薄片鉴定确定了该地区泉头组四段的储层岩石类型主要为细砂岩、中砂岩,长石和岩屑含量相差不大;各种陆源碎屑组分和化学沉淀胶结物类型及其成岩演化特征。研究结果表明齐家北地区扶余油层具体的成岩作用类型有压实作用、胶结作用、以及组分的溶蚀和溶解作用。根据通过包裹体均一测温法取定成岩温度区间为70～135℃。依据石油行业标准(SY/T5477—2003)碎屑岩成岩阶段划分中淡水—半咸水水介质碎屑岩成岩阶段划分标志并结合本区成岩温度和粘土矿物组合的具体情况将扶余油层划分为中成岩AⅠ、AⅡ和B三个阶段,并绘制各小层成岩作用阶段平面分布图。综合成岩作用和成岩阶段的研究结果得出齐家北地区扶余油层的成岩序列。根据薄片显微镜下特征确定出四种成岩相:硅质胶结相、钙质胶结相、粘土环边成岩相、混合成岩相,并建立成岩相模式、绘制成岩相平面分布图。最后结合孔隙参数得出各成岩作用阶段对孔隙发育影响不大,其中AⅡ阶段孔隙发育相对较好;从成岩相角度硅质胶结相、粘土环边胶结相、混合交接箱、钙质胶结相孔隙发育依次变差。更多还原

【Abstract】 The north of Qijia region is in the Dorbod Mongolzu Autonomous Counties which locate in the Daqing City of Heilongjiang Province, whose east is Daqing Placanticline, the west is Qijia oil field, the south is Lamadian Town, the north is Zhangqi Country Lindian Town, it is in the north of Qijia-Gulong Sag Central Depression region which is in the north of Songliao Basin. In the evolution of Songliao Basin Qijia-Gulong Sag undergo four stages: fault depression-fault and depression-depression- uplifting.Through the observation and description to core, the major sedimentary facies are delta plain and front subfacies, the oil shows are obvious. Rock types are mudstone with silt, fine-sandstone, middling-granularity-sand, major clastic particles components are quartz, feldspar and lava debris, the contents of feldspar and lava debris are similar. The cement type is carbonate with iron and magnesium, siliceous cement, clay cement and zeolite. The matrixes include mud and argillaceous. The content of fillings of sandstone is 9%～17%.The major diagenetic evolution of quartz is overgrowth which is the result of chemic deposition in acidity liquid environment; in addition the corrosion of quartz shows that the pH value augment is along with the increasing of temperature in diagenetic evolution. The diagenetic evolution of feldspar is overgrowth which occurred in high diagenetic temperature and alkalescence solution; on the side the clayization of feldspar represents that the illite and illite hydromica are on the surface of feldspar; the degree of the corrosion had the direct relationship with the physical character of reservoir. Lava debris is the important fragment component in this region, the major is acidic and intermediate, the minor is basic; the dissolved pores in debris granule is an important pore type. Beside secondary enlarged quartz and feldspar, carbonate cement and clay mineral are the most chemic deposition cement in amount, zeolite cement is less but it is also the important indicate of the diagenetic phase.The depth of Quan-4 member is in the range of 1800～2300m in this block, the depth diversification is small, so the dagenesis didn’t have great differences. The idiographic dagenesis types are: compaction, cementation and the corrosion, dissolution of component. The compaction is the major dagensis type at the top of Quan-4 member.Carbonate cements are calcite or calcite with iron and magnesium; the cementation is not strong at some positions, the proportion of the fillings is small, the cementation is strong at other positions, the calcites show intergrowth structure; the origin of Ca²⁺ is the albitization of potassium feldspar, the increasing of temperature, the reducing of partial pressure of CO2 is propitious to the sedimentation of carbonate.Fe²⁺、Mg²⁺ come from the translation of montmorillonite to illite, mafic-intermediate volcanic debris’dissolution also could increase the content of Fe²⁺、Mg²⁺. The major representation of silicic cementation is secondary enlarging of quartz, the major quartz particles are 3～5 stage, silicic cement came from the of alteration volcanic glass, the transformation of clay mineral, the dissolution of feldspar, pressure solution.The clay minerals in this block grew on the surface of apatite like pellicle, the degree of clayization rose with the increasing of depth, the diversification of illite’s content with the increasing of depth is not obvious, the degree of crystallinity had the ameliorative trend, judging from the result of anlysis, the kaolinite just appears a higher belt at the bottom of Quan-4 member; illite smectite mixed layer content shows negative correlation with illite content; chlorite distribute in the northwest area which is close to provenance, it could be translate from kaolinite, if the interlayer water contained Fe²⁺、Mg²⁺ it could translate from illite or potash feldspar.The zeolite is the important attribute of diagensis in this block, whose formative temperature is 120℃. Dissolutions include the dissolution of calcite with iron and magnesian, denudation and metasomatism include the calcite’measomatism to quartz and the albitization of potash feldspar, the former is result of increasing of pH value and temperature and the depress of CO2 content; the latter is the result of replacement of Na+ to K+ in the potash feldspar whose exhibition is the decrease of potash feldspars and the manifold of albite.Through the thermometry on fluid inclusions we got the conclusion that the temperature ubterval of diagenesis is 70～135℃in Fuyu reservoir the north of Qijia region. According as the fresh water–brackish aqueous medium claslite diagenetic stage plot sttribute in the petroleum industry standard （ SY/T5477-2003） clasolite diagenetic stage plot, combining with practical situation of diagenesis in this block, we divide the diagenesis of Quan-4 member into three phases: the metaphase diagensis phase （ MDP） AⅠ, AⅡand B, approximately the demarcation temperature of MDP-A and MDP-B is 120℃. The MDP- AⅠonly distributes in the FⅠ1 and FⅠ2 little layers. The MDP- AⅡdistributes in very little layers in most area which decreases to northwest with the increasing of depth, MDP-B distribute at southeast whose area increases to northwest with the increasing of depth, the changing law above are anastomotic with the characters of construct and provenance in the north of Qijia region.Through the integrative analysis including the observation under the microscope, we compartmentalize four diagenesis styles: silicic cementation facies, calcitic cementation facies, clay loop facies and admixture facies; combining with diagenesis phase distribution and precipitation facies distribution, we make the distribution of the diagenesis facies of seven little layers, and than draw the pictures for the research of reservoir’s ventages.Combining with the result of ventage parametric statistics in different diagenesis phases and diagenetic facies, we get the conclusion: the influence of diagenesis to pores and secondary pores is not quite obvious, MDP- AⅡis a little better than other two phases, the four diagenetic facies types we divided through the characters under the microscope: silicic cementation facies, calcitic cementation facies, clay loop facies and admixture facies, the degrees of their ventage upgrowth become worse in turn. The diagenetic research provides theoretic and realistic gist for the study on secondary pores zone.更多还原