【作者】 孙伟；

【导师】 张云贵；

【作者基本信息】 武汉体育学院 ， 体育教育训练学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 身体素质训练是竞技体操训练不可缺少的重要组成部分,高度发展的身体素质是竞技体操运动员获得高水平竞技能力的物质基础。随着体操技术水平的普遍提高,体操规则的不断加难,体操运动对运动员的身体素质的要求也更高了。12—14岁对女子体操运动员从年龄训练阶段是一个关键时期,是中级训练后期向高级训练阶段的过度时期,是提高专项身体素质和专项能力,继续巩固和提高各项基本动作和基本难度动作的时期。专项身体训练方式和负荷的控制,对运动员能否完成训练任务,防止运动损伤发生具有重要的意义。本文通过查阅有关身体素质训练的相关文献,对国内的知名体操专家及教练员问卷调查有关女子体操运动员在12-14岁年龄身体素质训练相关问题,并对调查结果进行测试检验。制定此年龄段女子体操运动员身体素质等级划分标准。研究结果:1、12～14岁女子体操运动的专项身体素质主要受四个因子影响与控制:(1)上肢、腰腹力量能力因子(2)静止控制能力因子(3)速度能力因子(4)弹跳素质因子。2、在12、13、14岁年龄阶段的女子体操运动员在专项身体素质的训练中都能达到基本相同的训练水平即无显著性差异。3、十项测试项目可以作为12—14岁女子体操运动员的专项身体素质练习地重要方法手段4、《12—14岁女子体操运动员专项身体素质水平评定标准》是12-14岁女子体操运动员专项身体素质训练的具体量化标准,具有较高的可信度。基于以上测试结果;制定此年龄段女子体操运动员身体素质等级划分体系,为12-14岁女子体操运动员专项身体素质训练提供训练的具体量化指标,指导教练员在训练中科学合理按专项身体素质训练的内容及负荷等。更多还原

【Abstract】 The fitness training is an important part of the competitive gymnastics trainings. Highly developed physical quality is a solid ground to obtain the high performance of gymnasts. The gym now requires more about the basic qualities of gymnasts with the upgrading skills,the growing difficult gyms rules. Aged 12-14 years is a critical time for female gymnasts’ training, which is also a transition period from late mid-training to advanced training, a time for promoting professional quality and capabilities, and enhancing various basic actions and action difficulty. The control of methods and loadings of training is very important for gymnasts to complete the performing and to prevent athletic injuries.Based on the fitness training literatures related, and the questionnaire on domestic known gyms experts & coaches about the physical quality training of girl gymnasts of that age, this study tested the results of investigations and made the physical quality rating system for gymnasts aged 12-14.The results reveals,1) gymnasts of 12-14 years old whose special fitness training are affected by four factors: a)specific item integration factor; b)motionless controlling ability; c)velocity ability factor; d)spring quality factor; 2)girl gymnasts aged 12-14 can achieve same a training level in process of specific item training ,ie, without significant difference;3) Ten test items can conduct and actions is 12-14 years old woman gymnastics athlete of particularly item the important method means of the body character practice ground;4)the leverl standard of the 12-14 years old female gymnasts whose fitness is being embodied. standard of the specific item training, it has upper reliability.Based upon test results above, the study established the rating system of physical quality for gymnasts of that age, which provided concrete quantity index for the specific item training of gymnasts, aged 12-14 and guided the coaches scientifically to arrange the proper contents and loadings, etc, in the daily quality training.更多还原