基于现场总线技术的先导阀综合试台的研究

【作者】 侯延进；

【导师】 刘志珍；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 电机与电器， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 电磁先导阀是将电信号转化为气动控制信号的重要部件，它在工业控制领域应用最多，同时在军工方面也具有广阔的发展空间。因此质量是电磁先导阀的首要问题，在先导阀出厂时都要进行直流电阻、耐压、绝缘、浪涌四项测试。传统上一般采取手工测试，测试效率低，测试结果不准确，无法满足工业自动化生产的要求。对于自动测试平台主要依赖进口，由于价格昂贵，因此积极研制具有我国自主知识产权的测试平台具有很强的经济和战略意义。鉴于此，本课题对先导阀综合试台进行研究开发。上世纪九十年代日本某公司组装的一个测试平台采用的是双PLC分开控制，并采用串行通讯方法，测试效率低、测试结果不准确、维修不方便，因此在生产测试中基本上没有发挥作用。针对这种情况，本课题研究的测试平台采用单台PLC控制并行测试的方法，测试效率提高了四倍，测试结果相对稳定，满足了生产上的需要。本文首先总体介绍了先导阀测试平台的机械、电气结构及工作原理。本试台现场操作部分由操作面板、外壳、测试仪器以及夹具部分组成。控制部分由PLC、DeviceNet主站模块、网关部分、I/O接口部分组成。控制部分核心是遵循DeviceNet协议的网关部分，网关是连接DeviceNet网络与现场操作部分的桥梁。其次对现场总线协议部分、硬件部分、PLC主站模块做了介绍，其中协议部分包括DeviceNet的通信功能、对象模型、DeviceNet连接和报文协议的介绍，重点论述了仅限组二预定义主从连接报文的建立和收发机制以及重复MACID检查报文的详细内容。硬件部分主要介绍CAN总线控制器SJA1000及其外围器件，主要包括SJA1000的工作原理、内部寄存器的配置、滤波方式和初始化流程。对PLC主站模块的介绍主要包括其功能设置和如何将传统的PLC程序转变成能驱动网关模块的程序：原理很简单，只需将传统的I/O区内的数据转化到网关单元对应的数据区即可。在了解了协议内容和硬件配置之后便开始进行网关模块通讯程序的编写，利用汇编语言为软件载体编写ATmega8515单片机程序，以实现通讯功能的需要。最后在介绍了进行耐压、浪涌等试验的原因和试验参数要求之后，详细说明了测试平台部分的研制，包括使用PLC的原因、硬件电路的构建、PLC逻辑控制图和并行测试的原理及其优点。并对试验结果进行了对比分析，证明本测试平台完全符合自动测试的要求，并使测试效率提高了四倍，并且通过现场总线使试台具有测试结果记录、打印和远程监视控制的功能。更多还原

【Abstract】 The first pilot valve of electromagnetism is an important part to transforms the electrical signal as the pneumatic control signal. It is widely applied to industrial fields and has wide developing space in war industry. Therefore the quality is the most important question to the first pilot valve of electromagnetism, The first pilot valve of electromagnetism all must carry on four tests when leaves the plant: the DC resistance, Hi-pot, Insulation and Surge. In tradition, generally adopts the manual test, the test efficiency is low and the test result is not unable to satisfy the industrial automation production requests. At present, the text platform of the valve used in China has to be imported and is very expensive. Therefore, it is very urgent to develop the text platform of the valve with the patent of our country. And the significance in economy and stratagem is great. In view of this, the text platform of the valve is carried on the research development. And it adopts the parallel test method, enhances the test efficiency.In the 1990s, some company in Japan assembles a platform using two separate PLC. And it uses the serial communication principle, so the test efficiency is low, the text results is inaccurate and the service not convenient, therefore it basically does not have the effect in the production. In view of this kind of situation.In this paper, we use single PLC according the parallel test principle to control the platform. The test efficiency enhances four times, the test result relatively stable, and matches the requirement of the production.Firstly, the mechanical structure, electro-circuit structure and working principle of the text platform of the valve are introduced in the paper. The scene operation part of the text platform contains the operation board, the outer covering, the measuring instrument as well as the jig part. The control section is composed by PLC, the DeviceNet master station module, the gateway part and the I/O connection part. The gateway is the core of the control section which follows the DeviceNet agreement, and it is the bridge connects the DeviceNet network and the scene operation part.Secondly, there is an introduction for the field bus agreement part, the hardware part and the PLC master station module. Agreement part includes the DeviceNet correspondence function, the object model, the DeviceNet connection and the text of telegram agreement; here we mainly discuss the telegram of the MAC ID inspection. The hardware partial mainly introduces CAN bus control unit SJA1000 and its periphery component, mainly includes the principle of the work of SJA1000, internal register disposition, the filter way and the initialization flow. The introduction of PLC mainly includes how to transform the traditional PLC procedure to which can actuate the gateway module the procedure: The principle is very simple, only must transform the traditional I/O area data to the gateway unit correspondence data area. After had understood agreement content and hardware disposition then starts to carry on the gateway module communication program, compiles the ATmega8515 monolithic integrated circuit procedure using the assembly language for the software carrier, realizes the communication function need.Finally after introduced the reason to carry on Hi-pot, surge text and the experimental parameter request, the research of the platform is particular expounded, including the reason of using PLC, the construction of the hardware electric circuit, the PLC logic control chart and the parallel test principle and its the merit. And has carried on the contrast analysis to the test result, proves the platform is completely conform to the test automation requirement, and made the test efficiency to enhance four times, and through the field bus, the platform can record the test results, print and has long-distance supervisory control function.更多还原