基于能效理论的能量管理系统管理软件的开发

【作者】 孙毅；

【导师】 杜晓通；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 检测技术与自动化装置， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 随着大型建筑的不断涌现和中央空调的普遍应用，建筑能耗大大增加，世界性能源紧张日趋加重，因此，提高建筑中的能源利用效率，合理有效地利用能源，推进大型建筑节能就显得十分重要。目前，许多企业和科研院所纷纷采取各种措施和手段，从不同层次、不同角度对大型建筑实施智能化管理，力图实现节能。在大型公共建筑中采取的最广泛的节能手段之一就是安装楼宇自控系统(BAS)，虽然在提高大楼整体管理水平，实现节能降耗方面取得了一定的成就，但是由于只是针对于各耗能设备分别进行节能监控，缺乏一种立足于全局的能耗分析和管理调度措施，无论是从实际运行的效果还是从系统角度来看，节能效果都不够理想。为此，本文在分析原有大型公共建筑能量管理系统方面不足的基础上，并借鉴其成功经验，从提高节能措施的可操作性入手，针对大型公共建筑内的机电设备特别是中央空调系统和照明系统的节能降耗给出一种以能量传输效率与能量利用效率为基础的能效检测和评价新观念。从理论和实践两个方面，系统地阐述了这种基于能效理论开发的能量管理系统的运行原理和可操作性。首先，综合分析了现有大型公共建筑能量管理系统不足，同时应用了一种新的能效理论。新能效理论指出：建筑物能量评价体系不仅包括传统的能量传输效率，还包括能量利用效率。能量利用效率与建筑物中HVAC系统、照明系统的管理和运行模式有关，这部分效率的提高不仅仅要依靠技术进步，更重要的是要通过能量管理、能量调度才能实现。其次，在立足新能效理论基础上，提出了能量管理系统的整体设计方案，将现代信息处理方法包括数据融合和数据挖掘理论，应用到大型建筑物能量管理系统的信息处理中。引入数据融合算法提高检测参数的准确性，分析了利用数据挖掘方法从大量监测参数中挖掘其间隐含联系的可行性。通过对采集到的大量数据信息进行处理，从理论和技术上为获取能量调度策略提供了一种新方法。最后，为使该系统能在实验室和工程实际中得到应用，本文给出了能量管理系统管理软件的设计方案，并利用当前主流软件开发平台Microsoft.NET完成了该上位机应用软件包的编程和设计，为研究成果的应用打下基础。本文开发的能量管理系统管理软件在实验室环境下进行了初步测试，本文将新的能效理论应用到智能建筑中，并利用开发能量管理系统软件进行了相关测试，测试结果表明：该理论是可行的和有效的。与传统的系统相比，不仅能够更加全面合理的计算能量传输效率，而且可以分区域分时段灵活计算能量的利用效率，从全局的角度对建筑物中能耗进行评价，指导能量的调度分配。更多还原

【Abstract】 HVAC is widely used in intelligent buildings currently. With the serious consumption of energy resources in the world, the energy consumed in large building is focused on by more and more people. It is of importance to improve energy efficiency and reduce energy consumption in intelligent buildings. At present, building energy saving is studied by a great of corporations and academes. For example, building automation systems (BAS) are widely employed in public intelligent buildings to monitor and control the operation of HVAC, elevators, etc by energy saving strategies, which make progress in energy savings. However, because the building consists of HVAC, elevators, lights, water and so on, it is not perfect that BAS carry out energy saving strategy by detecting and controlling device respectively in whole buildings and lack of systemic concept. Therefore a new automatic system is required to provide the reasonable analysis of building energy consumption and distribute the energy based on monitoring majority of different devices.Based on the efficiency of energy transmission and energy usage, a new method of measurement and evaluation of building energy efficiency is described in this paper. A lot of building energy management strategies are investigated in order to reduce the energy consumption in large public buildings. The probability and the principle of building energy efficiency management systems are systematically introduced based on the energy efficiency theory.Firstly, A new concept of energy efficiency is proposed in detail by analyzing the existent energy management systems. The evaluation of energy efficiency is composed of energy transmission efficiency and energy usage efficiency. And building energy usage efficiency is connected with modes of operation and management. The energy conversation of usage energy is implemented not only by advanced technologies but also by energy distributions.Secondly, An energy management system is designed and applied to intelligent public buildings by combining the data fusion algorithm with data mining technology. Data fusion algorithm which helps to improve the computational precision is used to analyze majority of collected and monitored data, evaluate and assess the objects, and make reasonable decisions. Data mining technology is employed to find the relationship among collected data from sensors. Then a new energy distributing and scheduling algorithm are provided.Finally, The center management software of energy saving system is developed based on Microsoft.NET platform. The management system communicates with data collecting systems distributed in the buildings by Ethernet. And the collected data is moved into database and displayed by report forms and curves to direct the energy distribution.In order to testify the feasibility of the concept and function of the designed system, the energy saving management system is applied to an official building. The tested results show that the energy consumption is obviously reduced by the designed system in the intelligent building. Compared with the existent energy systems, the designed systems not only calculate the energy transmission efficiency but also flexibly calculate the energy usage efficiency to assess the building energy consumption in terms of a whole system. And it proves that the new point on energy efficiency and energy saving is feasible.更多还原