【作者】 王毅；

【导师】 臧旭恒；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 产业经济学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 电力体制改革的主要目标是通过电力市场化，引入竞争，优化资源配置，提高生产绩效。我国在2002年正式确定了电力体制改革方案，并实质性地进行了资产重组，建立了省级电力市场，但是电力改革中暴露出来的问题不断涌现：电价持续上涨、供需不平衡(表现为03年的大面积缺电)和电网大面积停电的威胁，证明了电力市场在绩效和市场结构方面还有较大的差距。本文根据S—C—P理论，即市场结构影响市场行为，市场行为进而影响市场绩效的理论框架，通过引入产权，运用郝芬达尔——郝希曼指数，对目前的省级电力市场的集中度和电价进行分析，从案例分析的角度研究了目前电力产业组织现状，指出发电市场中，不仅存在国有厂商的市场集中度过高，同时也存在发电市场的过度进入，其主要原因是政府规制和市场结构中存在的问题，影响了资源的合理配置和公平竞争，导致电力建设投入不足，制约电网的发展和经济运行。指出目前省级电力行业所表现出的市场结构是一种特殊类型，是“多级政府分割管理、分割保护”的市场结构，而这种市场结构也必然使电力企业的行为并不完全具有市场行为的特征，我国电力整体行业绩效低下的原因正是这种市场结构所带来的必然结果，若不从体制上进行调整，就不能从根本上改善电力行业的经营状况。对我国电力行业如何深化改革，提高行业绩效等问题具有一定的参考价值。针对现行电力市场的矛盾和暴露的问题，本文认为针对上述原因应打破行政垄断，建立现代企业制度、强化发电市场竞争、推动产权结构多元化、放开民间资本准入限制、加快电价改革、大力发展远程输电技术，建立省级以上的区域市场等对策，强化市场竞争，不断提高市场绩效，促进电力行业健康发展，增进社会福利。更多还原

【Abstract】 The main purpose of the electric industry restructuring is to establish a market system to optimize the resource deployment and promote the production efficiency through competition. In 2002, China framed the electric industry reform plan and began the asset regrouping; power market allowing for competition was established in some provinces. But these were so many problems: the electrical price going raise, supply and requirement was not balanced (ex., shortage of electrical power in many provinces), and the threat of electrical grid collapse, proved the absence of efficiency and market structure.The thesis is based on the SCP modern theory of industrial organization ,as market structure affects market action, market action affects efficiency, by using H-H index on property right, analyzing the electrical power market structure from market centralization and electrical power price, the thesis concludes that there are too many power producers in power market ,and government power producers’ market centralization is too high, current power market system does not improve the economic efficiency and does not optimize resource deployment because the problem of government control and market structure, the development and economical operation of the power grid is restricted because there are not enough investment. Due to its particular characteristics ,it is a structure of multi-governmental -control and protect, which makes it impossible for electric power enterprises to conduct like a market entity, the low performance and the problems are caused by this structure, so if the problems of electrical power market are not resolved from system, their performance will not be effectively improved. This thesis is some useful on how to deepen the reforms and improve performance of Electric Power Industry of China.In view of the problems associated with the current power market, the author puts forward some proposals on basis of the analysis of Shandong provinces, carry out state-enterprise parting, break administrative monopoly, establish modern enterprise system, promote fair competition of electrical producers, promote the diversification of property, relax the restrict on the private investments, establish reasonable network pricing mechanism, develop long distance transport electrical power technology, establish district electrical power market, promote fair market competition and efficiency, so development of the Electrical industry of China and the social welfare will be promoted.更多还原