基于有限元分析的鱼雷尾段优化设计

【作者】 张亚军；

【导师】 李世芸； 于俊卫；

【作者基本信息】 昆明理工大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 鱼雷尾段作为鱼雷结构中的一部分，在鱼雷工作状态下起到产生推力、控制航向的作用。为了达到鱼雷的高速性和隐蔽性，尾段自身在运作过程中的强度和刚度就显得非常重要，对鱼雷尾段进行静力学特性分析，可以指导人们对鱼雷尾段结构进行优化和更进一步的动态分析。动态分析是鱼雷设计中得一个重要技术指标。本文首先运用大型有限元分析软件ANSYS，按照鱼雷尾段的结构特点和实际工作条件，建立整个尾段的三维有限元力学模型，进行了模态分析。从而确定了结构的自振频率和相应振型，为进行其它动态分析打下了基础，为结构设计提供了依据。本文利用最优化理论，利用计算机这一现代设计工具，借助ANSYS有限元分析软件，在截面空间选取目标函数、设计变量并建立约束条件。并应用于鱼雷尾段的优化，取得了较为明显的效果，鱼雷尾段重量有一定程度的减轻。将优化后的鱼雷尾段重新建模，然后反馈到鱼雷尾段的虚拟模型之中，利用Vis Mockup中得VisVSA进行了容差分析，确定了合理的尺寸公差和位置公差，保证了产品的制造、装配和使用性能的要求。本文还对鱼雷尾段内轴的优化程序进行了基于APDL的二次开发，实现了优化程序中的参数化建模，以及参数化载荷的施加等。该程序具有一定的通用性，在类似的鱼雷尾段轴类优化中，文中给出的控制代码无需作很大的改动即可移植使用，有效地提高了优化工作的效率和可靠性。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a part of torpedo, torpedo trail plays the great important role on controlling move direction and bringing thrust in the process of torpedo operation.In order to reach the high speed and cover of torpedoe, the intensity and rigidity of torpedo trail is very important. The analysis of the stiffness characteristics of torpedo trail is the guidance of people for further optimization of torpedo structure and further analysis of response of stiffness characteristic.As an important quality index,the dynamic specialty determines the security and efficiency With the famous FEM software ANSYS,the finite element model of the whole torpedo trail structure was built according to its character and work conditions,and then the vibration characteristics (natural frequencies and mode shapes)of the structure was determined applying model analysis.It also can be a starting point for another, more detailed,dynamic analysis,such as a transient dynamic analysis.The paper using theory of optimization, with help of the computer and Aided by ANSYS, the plan pick up the design variable, aim fuction and found constraint condition in the section roommate. Apply it to torpedo trail, and obtain obvious benefit. Then the three-dimensional model of optimized structure are created renewedly and fed back to the torpedo trail’ three-dimensional model for simulation.Then accomplish the tolerance analysis by VisVSA module of VisMockup, and ensure dimension torlerance and location torlerance in reason,ensure the capability of manufacture.This article also gives two developments to the axis’ s optimized procedure basing on APDL, so it achieved the parameter modeling, as well as the parameter loading on the axis. In the case of structural optimization to similar torpedoes, the controlling codes without giving a great changes can be transplanted and used. In a word, the procedure could effectively improve the efficiency and reliability of the work.更多还原