【作者】 李金成；

【导师】 陈鸣； 龚顺风； 房晓明；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 结构工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 拖曳法施工是我国近海油田工程建设中一种重要的管道铺设方法，它以其装备简便、施工经济的优点也必将在我国当前以及未来蓬勃发展的边际油田开发中受到广泛应用。本文依托海洋石油工程股份有限公司科研项目《边际油田工程设施海上安装技术研究》，分别对底拖法、浮拖法、离底拖法三种拖曳方式展开研究，从力学角度解决了以上三种施工工艺问题，并建立了较为精确的管道拖航受力分析模型。在理论研究成果基础上，开发了管道施工计算软件“海底管道拖拉法施工分析系统”(SPTMAS3.0)。本文的主要研究成果概述为以下几个方面：(1)对于底拖法，建立了不同海床段的管道牵引力公式，从力学角度解决了拖管路径中的最大悬跨和障碍高度问题。(2)对于浮拖法和离底拖法，首先对管道在水中的静平衡状态进行分析，解决浮筒及拖链的配置问题；然后建立了管道拖航状态下的受力分析模型，并利用三维有限元方法进行求解。(3)开发了管道施工计算软件“海底管道拖拉法施工分析系统”(SPTMAS3.0)，软件除计算施工配置外，主要功能是对管道的应力及变形进行三维有限元求解，计算结果可以通过图形和文档两种形式输出。通过后两种施工方法的算例分析，探讨了不同施工因素(施工配置和尾船张力)对管道应力的影响。计算结果表明这些成果对实际海底管道建设工程具有较强的应用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 The towing method is an important pipe laying technique which is usually adopted in the exploitation of offshore oil and gas resources in our country. With the advantages of simple equipment and less cost, it will be widely applied in the current and future development of offshore marginal oil fields. According to the studying project "Research on the installation techniques of offshore engineering facilities for marginal oil fields" supported by Offshore Oil Engineering Co., LTD, in this paper, three types of towing methods are systematiclly studied, which are respectively bottom towing method, surface towing method and off-bottom towing method. Taking into account the corresponding construction techniques and ocean environment conditions, the mechanical analysis models of submarine pipeline during the towing are reasonably created, and the finite element method is applied to analyze the stress states of various segments of pipeline. The software "Submarine Pipeline Towing Method Analysis System" (SPTMAS3.0) is specially developed for stress analysis during the laying. The main studying results are summarized as follow.(1) For the bottom towing method, the seabed is divided into many parts, the formula of pipeline traction of each part is established. The problems of the maximal suspended-span length and the obstacle height are discussed.(2) As to the surface towing and off-bottom towing methods, the pipeline at the static equilibrium conditions in the seawater is analyzed to resolve the configuration problems of the buoy and towline. The mechanical analysis model of pipeline in the towing process is established and three-dimensional finite element method is used to compute the stress and deformation of the pipeline.(3) Concerning the software SPTMAS3.0, in addition to the computation of construction configuration, it is capable of carrying out the analysis of stress and deformation for the towing pipeline using 3D FEM, the output of the calculating results is in the forms of intuitional graphics and documents.After the example analysis of surface towing method and off-bottom towing method, the different influencing factors such as the towing velocity and the tension of tail-ship on the maximum stress of pipeline are discussed. These results have an important referenced value in the actual application of the submarine pipeline projects.更多还原