沙棘清喉颗粒的提取与除杂工艺研究

【作者】 蒲维维；

【导师】 杨万政；

【作者基本信息】 中央民族大学 ， 生态学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 “中药保健品”是依据中医药理论和保健养生应用的需要，而对中药材及中药材饮片进行特殊加工的一种便于携带和保健效果显著的保健品。本文以沙棘清喉颗粒为研究对象，通过对清喉颗粒的提取工艺和除杂工艺进行深入、系统的研究，为制备出既能降低处方服用量，又能保持原处方有效性，且便于服用的保健食品提供依据。本研究以金银花、薄荷、牛蒡子、沙棘等多味中药为样本，在建立评价指标和方法的基础上，对药材的提取条件、除杂方法等方面进行了系统的应用基础研究，从理论和实践上探寻提高中药保健品制剂质量的途径和方法，促进保健食品的发展。评价指标和方法的建立是评价复方中药提取物制备工艺合理性的关键，也是其质量评价的重要方面。本研究根据沙棘清喉颗粒的功能主治及各处方药味的性质，选取绿原酸、牛蒡子苷和总黄酮三种有效成分作为工艺的评价指标，并建立了高效液相色谱和紫外光谱测定方法，用于准确地测定有效成分的含量和进行工艺筛选。中药有效成分的充分浸出是保证保健食品功效的前提条件。通过单因素试验，确定了对提取工艺有显著影响的因素，并在此基础上进行正交试验，优选出最佳的挥发油和沙棘清喉颗粒提取工艺：(1)薄荷挥发油提取条件为：将薄荷粗粉加10倍量水蒸馏8小时；(2)最佳中药复方提取工艺为：药材粗粉加10倍量70％乙醇浸泡2小时后进行提取，共提取3次，每次1.5小时。除杂工艺有利于解决中药提取物出现的“粗、大、黑”等问题，也是保证中药提取物质量的关键步骤。本研究通过对各有效成分的保留率及含量变化等方面的考察，采用高速离心技术、超滤技术和大孔吸附树脂技术对除杂工艺进行研究。除杂工艺实验结果表明，高速离心技术和超滤技术对有效成分的保留率较高，但对杂质的去除率较低，造成成品的有效成分含量低，使其不到降低服用剂量的目的。中药复方提取物经大孔吸附树脂除杂后，能够较大程度富集有效成分和去除杂质，提高成品中有效成分含量。经大孔吸附树脂处理后的药液，绿原酸、总黄酮及牛蒡子苷含量较处理前显著提高。更多还原

【Abstract】 "Chinese herbal medicine healthy food" rests on Chinese medicine theory for the health keeping need; it carries on the special processing to the traditional Chinese medicine so that the health-care effect of the traditional Chinese medicine will be more remarkable. In this thesis we studies the extraction craft and the purifying technology thoroughly to provide the basis of healthy food production which not only can reduce the dose of the prescription effectively, but also can keep its efficiency and advantageous.Our research work take the Flos Lonicerae, Herba Menthae, Fructus Arctii, Fructus Hippophaes and other Chinese medicine as samples. Base on the evaluation index and method, we conduct a systematic research on extract condition and purifying technology. Through such research, we seek a way to improve the Chinese medicine healthy food’s quality and promote healthy food’s development.To establish the index and method is the key in evaluating the rationality in preparation and craft of Chinese traditional compound medicine, and it is also an important aspect in estimating the quality of the process. According to the efficacy of Qing Hou Ke Li and the characters of each component in the prescription, We select three of the effective component - Chlorogenic acid, Arctiin and total flavonoids asthe index of the craft. To choose the best preparation process, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and the ultraviolet radiation spectral analysis are used to determine the content of the effective components accurately.The effective component of the pack of Chinese traditional medicine fully lixiviating is the precondition to pledge the efficacy of this healthy foods. Ascertaining the course of distill the medicine, the best extraction process of volatile oil and Chinese traditional compound medicine have been chosen through one-factor analysis and the orthogonal experiments: (1) the optimum extraction process of Herba Menthae volatile oil: 10 times of water and distillation for 8h. (2) the optimum extraction process of Qing Hou Ke Li: 70% ethanol 10 times of raw material to soak for 2 hours, and then 1.5 hours’ distillation for 3 times.The purificatory craft is useful to solve the problems of the common product which are "thick, mass, black" and it also is the crutial approach to guarantee the quality of the Chinese traditional medicine. Through investigating the reserved rate and the variety of content of effective component, we systematically study methods of eliminating impurity (ultracentrifugation technology, ultrafilter technology, macroporous adsorption resins) and analyse the probems which appearing in these kinds of technique which have been applied to eliminate impurities of the medicament. The analysis can be used for reference in the process ofpurifications for other Chinese traditional medicine.The conclusions of the experiments indicate that: through the methods of ultracentrifugation technology, ultrafilter technology, the reserved rate is very high and the eliminated rate of the impurities is very low. So the two methods of eliminating impurity lead to the low content of the effective components and they will not reduce dose. Though the method of macroporous adsorption resins, the effective components can be riched and the impurities can be reduced. The content of chlorogenic acid, Actiin and total flavonoids in the medicament which has been dealed with by the method of macroporous adsorption resins can be enhanced remarkably.更多还原