【作者】 张立东；

【导师】 康万利；

【作者基本信息】 大庆石油学院 ， 应用化学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 我国大部分油田都已进入中高含水期,所以三次(强化)采油技术在我国发展很快。聚合物驱和三元复合驱可以提高原油采收率10-20%。然而,40-60%左右的剩余油残留地下,迫切需要研究开发新的采油方法和技术,大幅度提高老油田的采收率。研究自乳化强化采油方法旨在尽最大限度提高原油采收率,以满足国民经济发展的需要。对自乳化驱油体系及自乳化机理进行了深入的研究。在油相和水相中分别加入油酸和碱,在微小的外力作用下,就能够使两相自乳化成乳状液。通过改变矿化度、油酸或碱的浓度、醇及聚合物等因素对煤油或原油的乳化率及乳液粒径分布的影响,对自乳化机理进行了探讨。通过自乳化煤油O/W型溶液在均质岩芯中的渗流实验,得到了高渗岩芯具有趋于符合达西定律的渗流规律。岩芯渗透率越低,卡堵油滴越多。自乳化体系驱油物模结果表明煤油和模拟油采收率可以在水驱基础上分别提高23%和27%。利用微观驱油实验分析了自乳化作用对残余油的影响,自乳化对柱状、岛状及卡堵油滴驱替效果明显。通过对两亲聚合物与低界面张力表面活性剂复配的研究,开发了自乳化体系驱油的实用配方。更多还原

【Abstract】 The oil field in our country is in the period of high water-cut, so the EOR technologies are quickly developed. Oil recovery was enhanced more than 10-20% (OOIP) by Polymer flooding and ASP. But almost 40-60% residul oil still remains underground, therefore, it is urgent to develop new EOR technology to incease the recovery efficiency of the developed oil fields. The the self-emulsification method is proposed that the recovery can be increased remarkblely and satisfy the demand of oil .The self-emulsification would happen if separately adding the oleic acid and alkali into the oil and aqueous phase under little force.The chemical experiment research on the mechanism of self-emulsification by changing salinity of aqueous phase, concentration of oleic acid or alkali and the other factors such as polymer and alcohol was carried on the emulsification rate of kerosene or crude oil and distribution of grain-size in emulsion. The physical model flooding experiment indicated that the self-emulsification flooding formulation can enhance the oil recovery efficiecy of kerosene or crude oil to 23% and 27% after water flooding. The microscopic oil flooding experiment was analized the effection of self-emulsification on all kinds of residual oil. It concludes that self-emulsification action can efficiently flood column oil or island oil or droplet oil in pore. The new and usable oil flooding formulation is developed by the study of the combination solution of amphipathic polymer and low interfacial tension.更多还原