【作者】 王新亮；

【导师】 顾德林； 邵积东；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学（北京） ， 地质工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 第四纪沉积与构造演化是与人类生存和发展有密切关系的一个地质阶段，第四系沉积物的分布特征及其性质受古气候、古环境、古地貌控制，而新构造运动的发生与发展在这里起着至关重要的作用。所以，研究沉积盆地的演化与构造特征具有重要的现实意义与理论意义。呼-包盆地由两个凹陷和一个潜山隆起组成，第四系地层发育齐全，岩相变化频繁，由北向南沉积相由山麓洪积相——河湖相过渡，各沉积相之间成交错渐变过渡关系。在垂向上叠覆关系清晰，本文对区内地层单元进行了详细划分，特别是对上更新统进行了详细的岩石地层单位划分和重新厘定。新建了西脑包组、壕赖沟组、色气湾组、胡鲁斯太组、古城湾组，符合岩石地层单位建组原则，各地层单元的划分与时代确定都有确切的古生物资料和测年依据。本区新构造运动强烈，主要以垂直升降为主，兼具左旋走滑性质。盆地基地受断裂活动(乌拉山、大青山山前断裂)控制，总体呈北深南浅的萁状构造特征，沉降中心位于盆地北侧，盆地边缘活动断裂标志明显。由于断裂构造的频繁活动，使区内侵蚀阶地发育、洪积扇裙遍布山前、冲沟裂点发育、河流频繁变迁改道、岩相厚度纵横变化明显。由此造成的地热异常、地震、泥石流、滑坡、河流变迁等地质作用的开发与利用，应当引起高度重视。呼--包盆地是在古近纪沉降盆地的基础上发育起来的，从上新世开始发生大规模剧烈沉降，从而奠定了现代巨厚层现代堆积层的基础。其形成与演化受区域板块构造应力场控制，是新构造运动阶段板内变形的产物，其应力状态为南北向拉张兼具东西向走滑。盆地的分布明显呈斜向排列，该盆地受边界活动断层的控制，现在仍处于沉降阶段。更多还原

【Abstract】 Quaternary is an very important geological period because the sedimentary and structure features of quaternary have close relation with the human survival and developments. The distribution and nature of quaternary sedimentary were controlled by paleoclimate, paleoenvironment and paleogeomorphology, in which the commencement and development of neotectonics plays an important role. Consequently, the studies on the evolutionary and structure features of quaternary sedimentary basin have important realistic and academic significances.The Hohhot-Baotou basin is composed by two hollows and one buried lifts, and the quaternary strata developed completed with facies diversified. From north to south, the facies transformed from pluvial phase to fluvial phase, which staggered contacted with each other. In this paper, the regional stratigraphic units of Hohhot-Baotou basin were compartmentalized detailed particular in upper Pleistocene. According to the current rules to build new stratigraphic unit, new formation including Xinaobao, Haolaigou, Seqiwan, Hulusitai and Guchengwan were firstly defined, in which precise paleontological and geochronological data were used.The consuming neotectonic movement in study area is dominated by radical movements, subordinately with sinistral strike-slip feature. The basement were controlled by faulting, and the depth depressing gradually from north to south. The north side was the center of the subsidence, and on the edge of the basin the faulting is evident. Because of the frequently faulting, the basin is characterized by familiar destructional benchs, torrential deltas and chutes, and the paleoriver diverted commonly. So, the preventatives of induced geological hazard should be regarded such as the earthquake, debris flow and slides.The Hohhot-Baotou basin was developed on the basis of Paleocene sedimentary basin, and in Pliocene large scale subsidence commenced which built the fundation of huge sedimentary strata. The basin was the product of intraplate deformation, whose formation and evolutionary were dominated by the regional stress framework with NS extension and EW strike-slip. The basement of the basin oblique-orientated ranged. The subsidence of the basin is still continuing and affected by the active marginal fault.更多还原