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钻进过程监测与控制硬件系统研究及应用

The Research & Application of Drilling Monitoring and Controlling Hardware System

【作者】 王其福

【导师】 刘宝林;

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学(北京) , 地质工程, 2007, 硕士

【摘要】 钻进过程监测与控制系统是钻井工程中监测钻井过程、进行科学分析和科学决策的重要工具。它能够实时反映钻井工况,是钻井工程人员的眼睛,是保证安全、优质、快速、高效、科学钻井的必备重要手段。目前我国对油气资源的大量需求和地质普查的开展,钻井作业工作量逐年提高,对钻井参数监测控制仪表提出了更新更高的要求。安全钻井、优化钻井、平衡钻井等科学钻井技术和用户对钻井仪表需求的提高促进了钻井监测仪表的发展和钻井反馈控制技术的应用。随着科学技术的发展,特别是电子技术、计算机技术、通信技术的进步为钻井监控系统的发展提供了技术支持。目前钻井参数监测与控制系统正在经历一次重大革命,正在由过去的机械、液压系统向数字化、集成化、智能化和网络化方向发展。本论文的支撑课题是科学钻探国家专业实验室开放课题“钻进过程监测与控制系统的研究及应用”。该系统结合学校现代钻探实践中心交流变频调速CD-2B型岩芯钻机,利用分布式数据采系统,对钻进过程中的钻压、泵压、转速、钻速、流量等参数进行监测,对钻压、转速和流量进行计算机反馈控制。钻进过程监测部分关键内容是研究各项钻进参数监测原理,并对监测用传感器、信号变换电路等进行设计、选型、采购、安装、调试;钻进过程控制部分关键技术是结合钻机设备对要控制的参数进行分析,提出过程控制的实施方案,并设计控制执行机构。选用先进的分布式数据采集系统建立了钻进过程数据采集及反馈控制硬件系统,完成了采集部分的现场初步调试,实验证明设计是成功的。整个系统精度较高、功能齐全、操作方便、性能可靠、界面友好的钻进过程实时监测与控制系统,将钻井监测与控制技术提升到新的水平,并为下一步开展自动化钻机的研发奠定了良好的基础。

【Abstract】 Drilling monitoring and controlling system is the key to monitor, analyze and decide the drilling process. The scientific principals of“safe, optimized and balanced drilling”and the customs’higher requisitions for drilling instruments accelerate the development of drilling monitoring and controlling systems. The electronic technique, computer and the communication revolutions make the development possible. These days, the drilling monitoring and controlling system is changing from mechanical, hydraulic meters to digital, integrated, intelligent and networked ones.This paper is based on the open projects of the National Lab of Science drilling–the Research& Application of Drilling Monitoring and Controlling System.In this paper, the author, aiming at the drilling instruments at home and abroad, referencing the advanced techniques, discusses the monitoring and controlling theory thoroughly, and develops a drilling monitoring& controlling system with high precision, complete and reliable function, conveniently operation, beautiful and friendly interface.This system use the distributed data gathering system to monitor the drilling parameters such as drilling pressure, pump pressure, rotation rare, drilling rate, pump rate of flow and hook-load. Also it can control the drilling pressure, rotation rare and pump rate of flow.This system fully utilizes up-to-date technology, and this drilling monitoring and controlling system represents a new heights of success. It also establishes a good basis for the next step to research the automation drilling instrument.

  • 【分类号】P634.3
  • 【被引频次】10
  • 【下载频次】495
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