【作者】 辛力；

【导师】 朱虹；

【作者基本信息】 西安理工大学 ， 模式识别与智能系统， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 计算机技术和数字图像处理技术的不断发展，使得医学图像诊断在现代医疗中的地位越来越重要。现代医学已经越来越离不开医学图像所提供的信息，医学图像在临床诊断、教学科研等方面有着极其重要的作用。目前，已经成为提高疾病的早期诊断，以及更准确的分析病情的不可缺少的寻征手段。本文针对肾脏组织切片图像中二维肾小球的提取及三维模型的建立显示，设计了一个可以自动进行二维提取和三维重建的辅助系统。文中首先对原始医学图像进行读取，通过预处理解决图像噪声以及光照不均等问题，获得较清晰的二维切片图像。然后，通过一种基于轮廓信息的区域增长方法，对所建立的集合数据进行肾小球区域的提取，最后对配准后的所有二维肾小球图像建立体数据集，进行可视化成像处理。其中，在对二维序列图像进行肾小球区域提取时，本文采用了基于活动轮廓的方法，获得序列切片图像中的肾小球的大致边界，再对该边界的一个小区域内作区域生长，最终得到真实的包围肾小球区域的闭合边界。然后，以提取出的肾小球的边界为基本，往相邻的组织切片图像上投影，再进行GVF轮廓提取和区域生长分割，最终提取出序列图像中所有的二维肾小球区域。在此过程中，都是以上次提取出的肾小球边界为下次提取的初始轮廓，以减少累计误差。在三维可视化处理当中，本文根据三维数据体本身的属性和光线跟踪的原理，进行了基于体素的直接体绘制，并利用二维提取出的肾小球图像，进行了面绘制，实现了肾小球的外貌特征。实验表明，本文所提出的方法对于医学肾脏切片图像，二维提取和三维重建有很好的效果，可以作为医学辅助诊断软件的一个前期实验软件，基本满足了要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the continuous development of computer technology and digital image processing technology, medical image diagnosis plays a more and more role in modern medical treatment. Modern medicine has become increasingly inseparable from the information provided by medical image, which makes a difference in clinic diagnosis as well as in teaching and scientific research. Currently, it becomes an indispensable method to improve the early diagnosis and diagnose diseases accurately.In this essay, in view of two-dimensional glomerulus extraction and three-dimensional model establishment display in the sliced image of kidney tissue, an assistant system is designed which is able to carry on automatic two-dimensional extraction and three-dimensional re-establishment. At first, a clear two-dimensional sliced image is got by reading the original medical image and wiping off noise, balancing the brightness with preterit. Secondly, through a way of area increase based on boundary information, two-dimensional extraction is made on the established set data. Finally, all the matched glomerular will be collected to establish a volume data set, carrying on visualized imaging.Therein, while carrying on extraction on the two-dimensional images, in this thesis, the active outline model is used to extract main glomerulus borderline in a sliced image. Then, carry on regional growth base the borderline in a small area. At last, the true close borderline of the glomerulus is attained.And then, based on glomerular boundary extracted, project on adjacent image, do again the GVF borderline extraction and the regional growth, finally all two-dimensional glomerular areas are extracted. In this process the extracted glomerular boundary will be the initialization borderline for the next extraction so as to reduce the accumulating error. In three-dimensional visualized process, in light of attribute of three-dimensional data and ray tracing principle, direct volume rendering is carried out. And with extracted glomerulus, surface rendering is carried on. As a result of this, exterior feature of glomerulus of kidney is realized.It can be seen from the experiment that the way put forward in this essay is of great significance for sliced image of medical kidney, two-dimensional extraction and three-dimensional re-establishment. Accordingly, it can be used as pre-experimental software of medical assistant diagnosis software, meeting the basic requirement.更多还原