【作者】 刘龙；

【导师】 赵文杰；

【作者基本信息】 上海交通大学 ， 体育教育训练学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 近代以来,学校体育在不同的特殊历史背景下,不断檀变,曲折地发展着。虽然学校体育取得了不同程度的成绩,但是其发展中也出现了一些“异化”的现象。本文以辩证唯物主义、历史唯物主义、系统科学理论、异化理论和人本主义理论为理论基础,采用文献资料法、历史研究法、观察法、调查法等多种研究方法,通过对我国学校体育发展流变进行梳理,在把握我国学校体育发展基本脉络的基础上,探寻了近代以来我国学校体育发展史中出现的异化现象,指出学校体育发展中曾出现过度军事化、劳动化、纯竞技化三种异化现象,并对每种异化现象进行分析,对其产生原因与历史局限展开讨论;以史为鉴,通过考察与近代中国变革几乎同时而生的学校体育异化现象的演进过程,在总结以上三种异化现象的基础上,对照学校体育发展的历史经验,反观当今学校体育发展中的问题所在。在此研究基础上,本文提出,我国学校体育在其发展历程中所出现的异化现象与社会的政治、经济、文化、教育密切相关,特别是受到社会政治、经济制度和人们认识水平的制约。我国的教育历来是强调“社会本位”的,强调教育为政治、为经济服务,在这种背景下,由于人们认识水平的局限,在对教育目的的解读与实施中难免过于功利化,学校体育在其发展中出现异化是必然的,是不可避免的,其对于学生的危害也是不言而喻的。当前,在“健康第一”的学校体育思想指导下,我国学校体育的发更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the modern times, the school sports under the different special historical perspective, forward developing windingly. This period school sports makes brilliant achievements, but also appeared some“the dissimilation”phenomenon. This article uses the literature material law, the historical methodology, the method of inspection, the survey procedure and other kinds of research technique so on, takes the dialectical materialism, historical materialism, the systems science theory, the dissimilation theory and humanism theory as the rationale, through consults Chinese School sports development changing to the correlation historical data literature combing, in grasps the Chinese School sports development in the basic vein foundation, since inquired about the modern times in the school sports development dissimilation phenomenon, pointed out the school sports militarization appeared once in the school sports development. the school sports production becomes as one with the workers, the school sports athletics movement, three kind of dissimilation phenomena, and launched the analysis to each kind of dissimilation phenomenon; Learns from history, transforms nearly at the same time the fresh school sports dissimilation phenomenon evolution process through the inspection and modern China, in the comprehensive summary above three kind of dissimilation phenomenon foundation, compares the school sports development the historical experience, the counter-view in the school sports development question is at now. In this research foundation, this article proposed that, Our School sports shows the dissimilation phenomenon which appears in its development course, with society’s politics, the economy, the culture, the education close correlation, specially receives the social politics, the economic system and the people level of understanding restriction. Our country’s education always is emphasized“social standard”, emphasized the education for politics, serves for the economy, under this kind of background, as a result of the people level of understanding limitation, to educate the goal in the explanation and the implementationunavoidably too the utility, the school sports appears the dissimilation in its development is inevitable, is inevitable, it regarding student’s harm also is self-evident. Presently, under“health first”instruction in the school sports, Our country School sports development enters an epoch, we see encouraging school sports already by“social standard”to“individual standard”incline, but as a result of people to“health first”, The understanding and the explanation difference, its brings“the dissimilation”the question also initially sees the end seedling. The article divides pointed out reform once appears and the present latent certain kind of dissimilation phenomenon in the school sports now: Like“the health first”the school sports teaching thought initiates the sports curriculum goal exudes the dissimilation which, the sports curriculum appraise, the movement technology study attenuates, pursues“the student excessively for this”after teacher and student relations dissimilation, right“safe”not suitably considers and the sports curriculum content low dissimilation. The article second half of pointed out the current school sports the above dissimilation phenomenon, and does it by the brief description, intends to the indication current school sports reform the difficulty and contradictory is at, causes the school sports worker by the time to pay attention, in order to carries on the control and the correction to these dissimilation phenomenon influence, finally causes the school sports to develop road of along the health. On the other hand will also provide the police for the future school sports reform development, and also will fill in the school sports fundamental research about the school sports dissimilation question research blank.更多还原