短波宽带小型化单极子天线研究

【作者】 聂远铮；

【导师】 阮成礼；

【作者基本信息】 电子科技大学 ， 无线电物理， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 在现代军事通信中,为了实现保密通信,消除敌方干扰,多频段、多功能电台将广泛应用,而舰艇、坦克上天线众多,携带不方便,要求多个电台能利用一副天线工作,这些都对天线的宽频带工作提出了要求。工作在短波频段的天线一般都物理尺寸很大,在十米量级,安装和携带都不方便,如何实现在保证天线性能的基础上,实现天线的小型化,是近年来研究的一个热点。本论文研究的主要内容是HF小型宽带天线的设计与实现,对超宽带电小天线的分析方法、宽带化、小型化等关键技术进行了一些探索。在研究中采用了理论分析、数值仿真和实验验证等手段,提出了几种结构新颖的天线结构,主要工作有:1结合传统的宽频带天线结构形式和现有的天线宽频带小型化的研究成果,通过理论分析和软件仿真的方法,设计了两种结构新颖的短波宽带小型天线。2对集总加载的器件值和加载位置对单极子线天线的性能的影响进行了系统的研究,根据研究的结果,实现了对天线加载的最优化设计。3采用了宽带匹配网络与加载相结合的办法,。从前人的研究成果看,单纯通过加载难以在很宽的频带(如2-30MHz)内匹配良好,因此设计时加入了宽带匹配网络。通过上述的工作,所设计的短波加载天线,在2～30MHz内实现了天线高度低于4米,驻波小于3.5,增益大于-10dB。并且对相应的缩比模型进行了加工实验,效果很好。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the modern military affairs communication, the multi-band, multifunctional station was widely used in order to achieve secret communication. The naval ship or tank has many antennas, take it discommodiously, it requires the broadcasting station can work with one antenna, so it need the antenna has a broad band. The HF monopole usually has a big size, above 10 meters, installing or taking is discommodiously. The technology of antenna miniaturization in the condition of keeping the performance is an interesting research.This dissertation mainly searches the design and realization of HF monopole. Many technologies of electrically small antennas and wide band antennas are discussed in theory, simulation and experiment. And two novelty antennas are proposed. The author’s major contributions are as follows:1. Based on the conventional wideband antenna structure and the technology of antenna miniaturization, by the way of analysis and simulation, proposed two HF wideband smart antennas.2. Discussing the affect of the parameters of lumped loaded and location, and based on the research, realize the optimizing design of loading.3. The loading technology and broadband matching network are used to design the antenna which dimension is confined. It is not enough to design antenna using loading technology, but the loading circuit parameters, locations of the loads along the antenna, and matching network’s circuit parameters are optimized simultaneously.To make use of above these ways a broadband HF monopole are designed successfully, and they can realize the VSWR<3.5, Gain>-10dB and the height <4m over 2~30MHz.更多还原