【作者】 孟宪萌；

【导师】 卢耀如； 束龙仓；

【作者基本信息】 河海大学 ， 水文学及水资源， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 随着人口的持续增长、城市的不断扩张以及工农业的飞速发展，人类对水资源的需求量日益增加，在一些地区，由于过量开采地下水而导致地面沉降、深层地下水受到污染等一系列环境地质问题。因此，为了使整个区域的水资源能够得到合理的开发和利用以实现社会经济的可持续发展，地表水与地下水联合运用与合理调配显得至关重要。地表水与地下水耦合模拟与合理调控是实现区域水资源可持续开发利用的有力措施。 本文在分析济宁市水文地质条件以及地表水与地下水相互转化关系的基础上建立该地区的地表河流与地下水流耦合模型，河流模型以圣维南方程组为基础，采用Preissmann加权四点隐式格式的追赶法求解，地下水流采用二维渗流方程运用Visual MODFLOW软件模拟，二者通过动态水量交换机制实现耦合，并通过模型计算的观测井水位与实测水位的比较率定耦合模型参数。针对济宁市市中区的含水层长期处于负均衡状态，为控制环境的进一步恶化，结合南水北调东线工程，设计从京杭运河后营水文站附近引水入济宁市市中区以削减市中区开采量，通过自回归模型预测未来年份河流的水位，并建立济宁市需水量预测模型预测未来年份需水量，将其作为开采量代入耦合模型中，运用Visual MODFLOW软件中的Zone Budget模块对该地区含水层进行水均衡分析，预测在连续丰、平、枯等不同降水水平年以及通过自回归模型预测的降水条件下，为保证市中区含水层处于正均衡所需引的地表水量。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the boom of population, the expansion of city and the rapid development of industry and agriculture, water demand is increasing accordingly. In some areas, a series of geo-environmental problems due to groundwater over pumping, such as land subsidence, deep groundwater contamination and so on, have occurred. Thus, in order to realize the reasonable exploitation and utilization of regional water resources and then the sustainable development of social economy, the conjunctive use of surface water and groundwater is essential. The coupled modeling and sound dispatch of surface water and groundwater are an effective measure to realize the sustainable development of regional water resources.In this paper, coupled numerical model of river water and groundwater is established according to hydrological and geological conditions and the analysis of hydraulic mechanism of river-aquifer interaction. Based on the Saint-Venant equations, the river flow model is simulated by the chase method derived by the use of Preissmann Weighted Implicit four-point scheme. Groundwater flow model is solved with finite difference method by the software Visual MODFLOW. And the models are coupled by the exchange of water. The parameters in the model are calibrated by the comparison of the calculated water level and the measured water level of the observation wells. Because of the long-term over pumping of groundwater in Jining city zone, the aquifer there is in negative balance condition. Combined with the South-to-North Water Transfer East Route Project, the surface water is diverted from the Great Canal near Houying hydrologic station to Jining city zone to control the exploitation of groundwater for the environmental protection. The water demand in future years is predicted by model of water demand prediction; precipitation and river level at hydrologic station are predicted by autoregressive model. The water diversions in different scenarios from the Great Canal to Jining city zone are obtained according to the change of aquifer water storage calculated by the Zone Budget module of the software Visual MODFLOW.更多还原