【作者】 王庆祎；

【导师】 刘鲁源；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 近来,车载导航系统的发展方兴未艾,在物流、智能交通等领域得到了广泛地应用,而GPS/MM(全球定位系统/地图匹配)组合导航系统则是一种性价比比较高的车载组合导航方案。在GPS定位信息和电子地图精度一定的条件下,地图匹配算法的优劣就成为了决定导航及定位精度的关键因素,因此对其进行研究是十分必要的。首先本文阐述了GPS和GIS的基本原理,为利用GPS定位信息和电子地图信息进行地图匹配算法的研究提供了相关理论。在已有的点到线的地图匹配算法和模糊综合评判地图匹配算法的基础上,根据模式识别的有关理论,针对各种不同的路况建立了初始匹配模式、跟踪匹配模式和交叉口匹配模式等三种地图匹配模式,并结合模糊综合评判法设计了一种基于模式匹配的模糊综合评判地图匹配算法。本算法首先根据当前的地图匹配模式来确定侯选路段集,然后通过模糊综合评判法在候选路段集中寻找最优匹配路段,最后通过正交投影法在最优匹配路段上寻找一点作为定位结果。然后运用Visual Studio C++ 6.0和MapX开发了地图匹配可视化软件,实现了本文设计的基于模式匹配的模糊综合评判地图匹配算法的同时,还为GPS信息的采集和离线分析、地图匹配过程的建模以及不同的地图匹配算法之间的测试比较提供了一个功能完善的软件平台,也为今后进一步深入研究地图匹配算法打下了良好的基础。最后通过实地跑车实验,将本文设计的基于模式匹配的模糊综合评判地图匹配算法分别与点到线的地图匹配算法、模糊综合评判地图匹配算法进行比较,证明了在一些复杂的道路拓扑结构下,基于模式匹配的模糊综合评判地图匹配算法能够做出更合理、更准确的匹配,从而验证了该算法的有效性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nowadays the development of navigation system for land vehicles is just in the ascendant. It has been widely used in many fields such as physical distribution and intelligent transportation system. The GPS/MM system is one of the preferable projects in the integrated vehicle navigation system. On condition that the accuracy of GPS positioning information and digital map data are both fixed, the map matching algorithm become the key factor in the precision of the navigation and positioning. Hence, it’s necessary for us to keep focusing on the map matching algorithm.Firstly, the thesis researches the basic theory of the GPS and GIS, which provide corresponding concepts for researching map matching algorithms with GPS positioning information and digital map data. Based on the point to curve map matching algorithm and fuzzy synthetic evaluation map matching algorithm, three matching modes which are named initial matching mode, tracking matching mode and junction matching mode are founded according to different road topologies by using the Pattern Recognition theory. Combining fuzzy synthetic evaluation and the three matching modes, a novel map matching algorithm named fuzzy synthetic evaluation map matching algorithm based on mode matching is proposed in this thesis. The first step in this algorithm is to form a candidate road set according to the mode of current matching process. The second step is to choose an optimized matching road among the candidate road set by fuzzy synthetic evaluation. In the end, the current position of the vehicle on the selected optimized matching road is determined by perpendicular projection.Secondly, a visualized software is designed by using VC++ 6.0 and MapX control, as well as the map matching algorithm proposed by this paper. Further more, this software provides a software platform with comprehensive functions of sampling and analyzing GPS positioning information out of line, modeling the map matching process and testing different map matching algorithms. Also, it is a well foundation for future research.In the end, the paper compares the new map matching algorithm with the point to curve map matching algorithm and fuzzy synthetic evaluation map matching algorithm by the real road experiments. The result of these experiments testify that the new map matching algorithm can make better matching under some complex road topologies. Meanwhile, this conclusion verifies the validity of the new algorithm.更多还原