【作者】 刘淼；

【导师】 黄战华；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 光学工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 高速运动目标的初速是影响目标飞行距离的一个重要因素,是运动目标运行的一个重要参数。本文针对高速运行的目标(500～1500m/s)的运行速度进行高精度(0.05%)测量。利用λ=650nm半导体激光器和高速硅光电探测器GT101组成光电转换系统,将光电转换后的电压信号经过高速比较器与参考电压相比较得到数字信号,设计了一种数字化激光光幕靶,能够捕捉到快速变化的光信号。以前沿和后沿综合触发的方式,将目标飞行过程中在进入和飞出光幕边沿时刻数据高速采样记录,减少了冗余数据,节省了存储器开销,从而使数据处理变得更简单,使连发测试成为可能。利用数据的连续性来判断信号与噪声,进而消除噪声对测量的影响。在利用光电精密测速技术时,涉及复杂的空间光交汇计算,通用误差分析方法比较困难。在目标与光束垂直度适当的情况下,目标运动方向的偏差对测量精度的影响属于二阶小量。系统整体误差的主要来源为距离测量误差、时间测量误差以及光束不平行度产生的误差。分析得出本系统在两光束间的不平行度达到α=100″,探测器对准精度达到0.1mm情况下,测量精度可以达到0.02%。更多还原

【Abstract】 The velocity was an important factor of High-speed moving object. It determined how far the object could fly. The target of this article was measuring the velocity of High-speed moving object between 500 to 1500 m/s accurately. The precision should be up to 0.05%. The measuring laser curtain was composed of laser diode (λ=650nm) and high speed opto-electric detector GT101 (tr =7ns) that made of silicon. The digital signal sourced from comparing the voltage from sampling circuit with reference voltage by high speed comparator. The system could obtain quickly varying light signal. Using front edge and end edge to trigger the system sampling and storing data so we could store the edge situation of the object flying through the laser curtain. It decreased the redundant data, saved the data storing room and made the signal process more easily and continuous measuring possible. It eliminated the impaction of noisy by checking the continuity of the data.It was related to complex calculation of attitude in Opto-Electronic precision velocity measurement technology with general error analysis. The impaction on measuring precision produced by the deviation of object moving directivity was negligible because of it was second order small quantity in the condition of the angle between the direction of object with light beam was as vertical as possible. The entirety system error sourced from the length error and time error and light-beams non-parallelism. In the condition of non-parallelism wasα=100″and opto-detector alignment precision was 0.1mm the system measurement precision could up to 0.02%.更多还原