汽车加热器的应用计算及对发动机排放的影响

【作者】 周永刚；

【导师】 毛华永； 李国祥；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 车辆工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 随着人们对乘车舒适性要求的提高，虽然汽车加热器在寒冷地区的车辆上得到了越来越多的应用，但是对加热器应用的计算和效果评价方面还处于起步阶段，缺少理论和实际试验结果的支持。 本文首先介绍了国内外使用汽车加热器的现状，就其工作原理、分类和应用进行了总结整理。然后对于汽车加热器发热量的匹配计算从车厢内空间加热和发动机预热两方面进行分析，得出了汽车加热器发热量匹配计算的计算方法，为加热器的应用计算提供了理论依据。 本文做的另一部分工作是探讨加热器预热对发动机排放的影响。按照欧Ⅲ标准要求，在-7℃的环境下，比较发动机原机和经加热器预热后的催化器前、后的废气变化情况。试验表明，加热器对发动机冷却水预热，有效的降低了汽油发动机冷启动过程中的HC、CO、NOx排放；加热器对发动机冷却水和加热器尾气对催化器的联合预热，由于未使催化器达到起燃温度，对排放有一定的降低，尚需进一步研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the increasing demand on the comfort of the automobiles, the heater is commonly applied on them in the cold zone. But the calculation and effectiveness evaluation of the application of the heaters are in the elementary step, lacking the support of the theory and the test result.In this paper, first introduce the current situation of the use of the heaters, then sort out the information of the principle and the classification and the application. For calculate the heat productivity, I analyze the heat to warm room air and the heat to preheat the engine, then obtain the way to calculate the heat productivity of the heater. It provide the basis of the calculation for the application of heaters.The Other part of this work is to treat of the influence of the automobile exhaust with the warming of the heaters. According to the Euro III emission regulation, at -7°C ambient temperature , compare the exhaust component part of the engine with the exhaust component part after preheating with the heater in the front of the catalyst and the back. The test result indicate that a heater was used to increase the cooling water’s temperature before cold-start of the gasoline, this method can effectively reduce the exhaust emission of CO, HC and NO_x during the cold-start period. When a heater was used to increase the cooling water’s temperature and the heater exhaust was used to warm the catalyst , because the catalyst didn’t been lighted on ,only reduce some emissions ,the method need further research.更多还原