【作者】 刘芳；

【导师】 张玉梅； 臧子璇；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 供热、供燃气、通风与空调工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 随着城市现代化进程的向前推进,我国燃气事业进入了快速发展的阶段,城市燃气系统形成了以管道供气系统为主,瓶装气为辅的格局。燃气管道供气系统气源种类较多,其中以水煤气、液化石油气、天然气为主。随着“西气东输”、“俄气南供”等燃气工程的实施,天然气逐渐成为城市主导气源。由于天然气的使用性优于其它燃气,各地纷纷开始进行天然气替换其它燃气的工程。各类燃气都具有易燃易爆的性质,有些燃气更具毒性,因此管道供气系统中,本身就存在很多危险源和安全隐患。而当一种气源改供另一种气源时,由于不同气源的组分和运行压力不同,这就对管道供气系统的安全性提出了更严格的要求。深圳市随着“广东LNG的引进”项目的天时地利之机,有幸能用上清洁的天然气。深圳市目前使用的气源为纯液化石油气,其燃气组分和运行压力与天然气都相差较大,因此,必须进行天然气转换工作。燃气本来就属于易燃易爆的危险品,天然气在转换过程中更增加了这种危险性,需要对其转换过程中危险源进行辨识,并根据分析得出有效的结论,避免危险事故的发生。本文运用安全系统工程中的事故树原理和方法,较为系统和全面的评价分析了转换过程中燃气管道供气系统可能存在的危险源。通过事故树分析,辨识了原管道供气系统可能存在的危险源和转换过程中可能出现的危险源,并建立事故树图和数学模型,进行定性定量分析,根据分析结论,提出相关的安全控制措施及运行建议,保证天然气转换顺利进行。更多还原

【Abstract】 Alongside the advance of process of urban modernization, the gas industry of china has entered upon a rapidly developmental stage. The setup of gas system has come into being, which is dominated by the pipeline gas supplying system and assisted by bottled gas system. There exist many kinds of gas source of the pipeline gas supplying system, mainly as water gas, liquefied petroleum gas, and natural gas. With the implementation of the gas project, such as“The Gas Transportation from the West to the East of China”,“The Russia’s Supply of Gas for its Southern Neighboring Countries”, etc. natural gas gradually becomes the main gas source in the city. In the view of the advantageous characteristics of natural gas beyond that of other gases, the project of conversion from other gases to natural gas has been sequentially implemented all over the country. Owing to the explosibility, combustibility, and even toxicity of the gases, within the pipeline gas supplying system there inevitably exist the sources of lurking danger. On the grounds that the composition and running pressure varies from different gas sources as one kind of gas source is converted into another, the safety of pipeline gas supplying system should come into more vigorous request.In consequence of the introduction of LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) from GuangDong province, the clean natural gas has been widely used in ShenZhen. Since the gas source used in ShenZhen is pare liquefied petroleum gas, of which the composition and running pressure is vastly different from that of natural gas, it is necessary to carry out the work of gas conversion. The gas in natural belongs to dangerous material of explosibility and combustibility, which increases the dangerous in the course of conversion. In order to provide against the occurrence of accidents, it is compelling to discriminate the source of danger in the course of gas conversion and arrive at an effective conclusion upon the analysis.By the methods and principles of the fault tree analysis in the safety system engineering, this article systematically, as well as comprehensively comments on and analyses the possible of arising from the pipeline gas supplying system in the course of gas conversion. Upon the analysis of the fault tree, the would-be sources of danger generated from the gas conversion and the one existing in the above-said pipeline gas supplying system can be consequently discriminated, upon the foundation of which the diagram of fault tree and mathematical model are established and quantitatively, as well更多还原