【作者】 黄军；

【导师】 韩明武；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 电力电子与电力传动， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 随着环境污染和能源危机日益加剧,电动车的发展逐渐受到各国的重视,良好的启车/加速性能、有效的制动能量回收以及续驶里程的提高成为当前电动车研究的热点。超级电容是一种物理电源,具有比功率大、充放电速度快、效率高、循环使用寿命长等突出优点,与之相比,蓄电池具有比能量大的优点,由蓄电池(主能源)和超级电容(辅助能源)组成的主辅混合储能系统能充分发挥各自优势,改善电动车性能。运用现代功率变换技术来控制系统中能量合理流动和功率有效分配,是发挥系统优势的关键。文中针对主辅混合储能系统的工作特点,选择了电流双象限变换电路,并设计其主要元件参数。主电路采用功率MOSFET并联方案,减小了噪声,提高了变换器的功率密度;为降低开关损耗,提高变换器的效率,根据系统中超级电容充放电速度快的特性,提出一种缓冲型软开关解决方案,设计了无源低损缓冲电路结构,并进行系统的模态和仿真分析。仿真结果表明,本方案能够实现主开关器件的零电流开通(ZCS,Zero Current Switching)和零电压关断(ZVS,Zero Voltage Switching),减小开关损耗。为兼顾快速控制以及方便与整车系统通讯,基于TI公司的TMS 320LF2407A型DSP芯片设计了一种智能型控制器,控制算法通过软件编程实现,升级方便,具有良好的扩展性。此控制系统能够实现供能和馈能时电流的数字闭环控制以及出现异常情况时的有效保护和故障问题的判断显示。驱动电路采用EXB841芯片,设计了合理的外围电路,能可靠地实现并联功率MOSFET的驱动。本文进行了部分实验研究并搭建小型试验平台,验证了大功率时采用功率MOSFET并联方案及控制策略的可行性,无源低损缓冲电路提高了双向变换器的变换效率和可靠性。上述工作为进一步研究混合储能系统及其应用提供了技术储备。更多还原

【Abstract】 Along with the atmospheric pollution and energy crisis is more and more serious, the development of Electric Vehicle(sEVS) become the focus that many countries pay attention to increasingly.It becomes a hotspot to research the good startup/accelerating performance, efficient energy recycling and the One Time Traveling Mileage increasing of EVS. Ultra capacitor is a kind of physical power supply, which is well known for its prominent characteristics of large unit power, fast charging and discharging, high efficiency and long recycling life. Compared to ultra capacitor, the battery is well known for its large unit energy. The main and the auxiliary hybrid energies storage system that is made up of the battery (main energy) and the ultra capacitor (auxiliary energy) can exert respective advantages fully to improve the performance of EVS. It is a key to control the flow of energy reasonably and the distribution of power effectively with modern power conversion technology in the system, which can exert advantages of the system.Considering the work characteristic of the main and the auxiliary hybrid energies storage system, this paper selects the current two-quadrant converter and designs its main parameters. The parallel-power-MOSFET method adopted in the main circuit reduces the noisiness and increases the power density. In order to decrease the switching loss and increase the efficiency of the converter, a new snubber blueprint with soft-switching is presented based on the characteristic that ultra capacitor can be charged and discharged fast, and the circuit structure of a passive and low lossless snubber is designed, then the system mode and simulation analysis are also carried through. The ZCS and ZVS of main switches which reduce the switching loss of the bi-directional converter are realized.In order to adjust the converter quickly and communicate with the Electric Vehicle system conveniently, a multifunctional controller that adopts TMS320 LF2407A DSP of TI is designed. The control arithmetic is designed by software programming and it can be upgraded and expanded easily. The control system realizes digital closed-loop control of the current, the judge and display of malfunctions and to protect the system once there are abnormal cases. The digital更多还原