【作者】 祁家能；

【导师】 方罗来；

【作者基本信息】 合肥工业大学 ， 马克思主义理论与思想政治教育， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 毛泽东的经济思想是毛泽东思想科学体系中的一个非常重要的组成部分，而毛泽东的农业经济思想又是毛泽东经济思想的极其重要的组成部分。早在民主革命时期，毛泽东在对农村进行调查的基础上，就认为要重视农业生产。1949年革命取得胜利，但是，当时摆在我们面前的是一个百废待兴的烂摊子。如何发展国民经济和解决国计民生问题?如何解决农业发展问题?这都是摆在毛泽东面前急待解决的现实问题。为此，他在借鉴苏联经验的基础上逐渐形成了一系列农业经济思想，这主要是： 第一、以农业为基础的思想。毛泽东从国情出发，强调农业是国民经济的基础，按农、轻、重的顺序来发展国民经济。 第二，农业现代化思想。毛泽东强调实现农业科学技术现代化、人的现代化和农业科学管理的现代化。 第三，农业科学技术思想。毛泽东是农业科技工作者公认的农业技术专家，他非常重视并积极推广农业科学技术，在土壤、水利等许多方面都有自己独到的见解。 毛泽东对我国农业问题的探索是开创性的，并在特定的历史阶段中产生过积极作用。由于没有历史经验可循，这就决定了毛泽东的许多观点和见解只能是一种初步思路。但是，他的某些观点是在一个特定的历史环境下产生的，我们不能苛求于他。而且，他的思想对于正确解决我国社会主义时期农业问题，具有重要的指导意义，并为新时期邓小平建设有中国特色的社会主义农业经济思想的形成提供了理论基础和实践经验。更多还原

【Abstract】 Chairman Mao’s thoughts on agricultural economy are concluded in his economic thoughts on economy, which are the most important parts of his scientific theoretical system. As early as the democratic revolution period, after investigating in countryside, Chairman Mao had already figured out that agriculture should be paid more attention. After the victory in 1949, we faced a situation that full-scale construction was under way. How to develop national economy, to solve problems about people’s daily lives, and how to solve problems of developing agriculture? These were the very things that laid before Chairman Mao which should be solved quickly and effectively. Therefore, a series of thoughts on agriculture came gradually into life which used Soviet Russia’s experience for reference. Mainly on:Firstly, taking agriculture as foundation. Based on national complexion, Chairman Mao emphasized that agriculture was the basis of national economy, which went before industry.Secondly, modernized agriculture. He emphasized on achieving modernized science and technology, modernized man, and scientific management in agriculture.Thirdly, developing science and technology in agriculture. Chairman Mao was broadly regarded as an expert of agricultural technology by other experts. He valued scientific and technological methods, and tried positively to apply them in agriculture. He also had his own views on soil, irrigation and other aspects.Chairman Mao’s delve on national agriculture was way-making, it did great help in practice during that historical period. But we can not request too much, some of his viewpoints were only initiative and limited. However, his thoughts have an important directing effect on solving problems in agriculture during socialist period, and somehow provide theoretical basis and practice experience for the formation of Deng Xiaoping’s theory on building a characterized socialist agricultural economy of China.更多还原