冷藏集装箱工况模拟及实验研究

【作者】 谢培志；

【导师】 韩厚德；

【作者基本信息】 上海海事大学 ， 制冷与低温工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 随着冷藏集装箱业的发展，其能耗问题也日趋突出。海运冷藏集装箱流动性大，随着外界气温、海水温度、太阳辐射强度和运送货物的变化，冷藏集装箱制冷系统的显热和潜热负荷随之不断变化。 传统的冷藏集装箱制冷系统一般采用恒定转速运行方式，在设计系统时，以能够满足最大热负荷为依据，实际上，制冷系统只是在短时间内工作在最大负荷，制冷压缩机和冷风机选型的根据是最大冷、热负荷工况。目前的制冷机组92％以上时间在额定负荷的40％～90％运行，因此本论文实验把变频压缩机应用于冷藏集装箱，在外界负荷变化的时候通过变频技术改变压缩机的转速，使制冷剂流量随着负荷的变化而变化，从而改变系统的制冷量，达到制冷系统与负荷变化的匹配。同时由于转速的下降，使得压缩机功耗减少，达到较好的节能效果。 本文主要以实验研究为主，理论分析为辅，实验是利用20英尺Thermo King海运冷藏集装箱，并对冷藏集装箱进行热工实验。包括气密试验、漏热试验、集装箱的制冷性能试验。并检验了该集装箱完全符合各种标准。 论文先根据传热的基本原理，对冷藏集装箱的隔热层的传热过程进行了分析，对冷藏集装箱的动态热负荷进行了理论的分析，然后通过模拟海上的温湿度环境，用实验室空调机组制造出类似的热工环境，在不同的环境温度段，分别用定频压缩机和变频压缩机实现不同的降温工况，并记录各种参数，环境室的降温曲线，环境室定频压缩机和变频压缩机在不同的降温工况下所消耗的累积功，同时用冷藏集装箱内的热调整器创造出类似货物散发出的热量的环境。最后分析总结到得出了，通过变频可以达到节能的目的，取得良好的经济效益和社会效益。更多还原

【Abstract】 The energy consumption problem becomes more and more outstanding along with the rapid development of marine refrigerated containers. The marine refrigerated containers are of great mobility, and the changes of the outside air temperature, seawater temperature, the sun radiation intensity and the transported goods bring the changes in the latent and display heat load of refrigeration system.The traditional refrigeration system in containers adopts the mode of invariable revolution and its system design is based on what can match the biggest heat load. So the refrigeration compressors and cooling fan motors have been chosen according to their cool and heat burthen in working conditions. Actually, just in short time can refrigeration systems work in the biggest burthen. At present refrigeration systems are placed in 40%-90% rating heat load for a long period of time and the energy is wasted considerably. So ,we try applying frequency compressor to refrigerated container, The change of the revolution of compressor by using the frequency conversion technology while the outside burthen alters, enables that refrigerant discharge changes along with the alteration of head load, and therefore refrigerating capacity will change respectively so that refrigeration system can match the variety in heat load. Meanwhile, after the revolution is reduced, the compressor energy-consume can be reduced and good results attained.This thesis experimental study mainly combined with theoretical analyze, experiment is done by 20 feet The marine refrigerated container. Gas sealing test, heat leakage test and performance test (with refrigeration unit) are done on the developed test facilities. We can get the conclusion that the refrigerated container is approved by all kinds of standards.Based on the theory of the heat transfer, the thesis analyzes the heat transfer process of insulated layer in reefer and the dynamic heat load of the更多还原