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回旋管振荡器注波互作用的数值模拟

Numerical Simulation of Beam-Wave Interaction in the Gyrotron Oscillators

【作者】 汪菲

【导师】 罗积润;

【作者基本信息】 中国科学院研究生院(电子学研究所) , 物理电子学, 2006, 硕士

【摘要】 回旋管振荡器是一类基于电子回旋脉塞机理的快波真空电子器件,能在毫米及亚毫米波段产生高功率、高效率电磁辐射。它在毫米波雷达、受控热核聚变等离子体加热和诊断、定向能武器以及材料处理等领域有重大应用前景。国际上很重视它的理论和实验研究。 注波互作用过程一直是回旋管研究领域的重要课题。电磁粒子模拟技术(Particle in Cell Simulation)技术基于时域有限差分方法和有限大小粒子概念,能直接求解有源麦克斯韦方程组和电子相对论运动方程。与大信号理论模拟相比,PIC模拟能更全面地反映互作用物理过程。与实验研究相比,PIC模拟具有耗费人力、物力较少的优点。随着计算机计算能力的快速增长,目前PIC技术已逐步应用到回旋管注波互作用的计算机模拟中。 本论文对被研究的回旋管互作用电路模型,运用线性理论确定初步设计参数,再使用PIC技术进行大量计算机模拟,详细分析腔体几何参数、电子导引中心半径、注电流和外加直流磁场等参量对互作用过程和模式竞争状况的影响,最后总结模拟结果并给出优化设计参数。基于上述思路,本论文对回旋管振荡器注波互作用进行深入研究,得到了三种稳定工作且输出频谱纯度好的Ka波段回旋管振荡器的优化设计结果:基波TE01模单腔管在70kV、1.323T、16A的工作条件下获得44.2%的电子效率及495kW的输出功率;二次谐波TE02模单腔管在50kV、0.695T、6A的工作条件下获得28.8%的电子效率及76.9kW的输出功率;TE01—TE04模式对基波工作复合腔回旋管在70kV、1.262T渐变磁场、17A的工作条件下获得60.2%的电子效率及716kW的输出功率。模拟结果表明,本文给出的Ka波段基波TE01-TE04模式对复合腔回旋管具有高稳定工作电流,高效率和高输出功率的优点,是一种较好的高功率回旋管振荡器设计方案。

【Abstract】 The gyrotron, which can be used to generate high power and high efficiency electromagnetic radiation in millimeter and sub-millimeter wavelength range, is a kind of fast-wave vaccum electron device based on electron cyclotron maser instability. Potential applications of the gyrotron include millimeter wave radar, plasma heating and diagnostic of controlled thermonuclear fusion, directed-energy weapons and materials processing. These prospects have motivated widely theoretic and experimental investigations into the physics of gyrotrons.The study of beam-wave interaction is one of the most important subjects in the gyrotron field. The electromagnetic particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation technology, which bases on the time-domain finite difference (FDTD) algorithm and the concept of finite-size particle, can solve the Maxwell equations and the motion equations of electrons directly. Comparing with the large-signal numerical simulation, the PIC simulation can investigate the interaction process much more thoroughly. In addition, the PIC simulation consumes less human and material resources than the experimental study does. With the improvement of computer performance, the PIC technology has been applied to the computer simulation of the beam-wave interaction in the gyrotron gradually.In this thesis, a general design process of the gyrotron oscillator is presented as follows. Firstly, the linear theories of gyrotron are used to determine the preliminary parameters of the design for studied gyrotron interaction circuits. Then, the PIC

  • 【分类号】TN752
  • 【被引频次】4
  • 【下载频次】260
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