【作者】 贺召卿；

【导师】 李建雄；

【作者基本信息】 中国科学院研究生院（电子学研究所） ， 通信与信息系统， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本文结合电子所某型号工程项目，以机载双通道DPCA算法为理论基础，重点研究了该算法用于运动目标检测工程实现的方案设计和高速信号处理板的研制。 首先介绍了运动目标检测系统的发展和现状，目前常用的多通道运动目标检测算法DPCA、ATI、STAP的基本工作原理，并对三种算法的硬件复杂性、检测性能等做了简单的比较。提出了机载双通道DPCA技术的设计方案，详细介绍了其中预处理、距离压缩、转置存储、CFAR检测及后处理等各个处理步骤的工作原理，为运动目标检测系统的硬件实现提供了理论依据。 本文成功开发了基于XILINX Virtex2系列FPGA的距离向预处理板和基于FPGA和AD公司TS101的运动目标检测实时处理板。并对各处理板的工作原理、具体实现步骤和设计过程中的实时性、功耗、设计优化、调试等问题做了比较详细的研究。重点分析了作为预处理系统核心的FIR滤波器设计中参数的选取、基于查找表(LUT)结构的并行分布式算法(PDA)的原理和实现；多种预处理工作模式的设计和切换：与DSP实现预处理系统的其它设计方案的比较：运动目标检测实时实现的硬件系统结构设计、算法各个处理步骤的软件设计流程；基于ISA总线的DSP链路口加载；降低硬件系统功耗、提高系统可靠性的措施。设计的处理板处理能力强、结构紧凑、效率高，具有一定的通用性和实用价值，其相关设计思路为其他硬件系统开发具有一定的借鉴意义。 最后分析了设计中的不足之处和今后的工作任务和改进方法。针对我国GMTI技术工程实现方面的研究较少的现状，希望本文能为我国SAR／GMTI系统的研制起到一定的参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 This dissertation is based on a project of Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IECAS). Study is carried out on the development of high-speed signal processing boards based on the airborne two-channel Displaced Phase Center Antenna (DPCA).First, the history and development of GMTI is briefly reviewed, the principles of multi-channel algorithm including DPCA, ATI, STAP arc provided and compared in the aspects of complexity of hardware in practical engineering applications and the performance of each method. An airborne two-channel DPCA scheme is proposed, and the steps including preprocessing, range compression, CTM and CFAR are discussed in detail.A range direction preprocessing board based on XILINX Virtex2 series FPGAs and a MTI processing board based on FPGA and AD TS101s are successfully developed. The principles of each board, the approach of realization, real-time requirements, power consumption, methods of program optimization and debugging techniques are studied in detail.The dissertation focuses on the design of the key component of preprocessing system -FIR filter, investigated the considerations of the parameter selection; principles of Parallel Distributed Arithmetic (PDA) based on Look-Up Table (LUT); the design of multi-mode preprocessing system; comparisons with other scheme; the hardware structure to implement DPCA and software design flow; DSP link program based on ISA bus; methods to reduce the power consumption and improve the reliability of the system. The boards have the advantage of powerful processing capacity, compact structure and high efficiency. The design methods are generic and can be applied to other hardware systems.Lastly the deficiencies of the dissertation and the future work are listed. At present the research of GMTI in practical engineering need to be strengthened in China, and wish the work in this paper will benefit the future design of SAR/GMTI system.更多还原