【作者】 张海燕；

【导师】 史志康；

【作者基本信息】 上海外国语大学 ， 英语语言文学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 托马斯·哈代十九世纪末期英国文坛最主要的作家之一。他的大部分作品都以其出生地多塞为背景，并以“威塞克斯小说”著称于世。在他的“威塞克斯小说”中，哈代以及其沉痛的笔触描写了英格兰南部乡村生活的败落，并表达了他对整个人生悲观态度。 本论文通过对哈代“威塞克斯小说”的代表作品，包括《卡斯特桥市长》，《还乡》，《德伯家的苔丝》和《无名的裘德》的分析，从三个方面进行切入意在揭示哈代“威塞克斯小说”的主要创作元素：神秘主义氛围，自然主义因素和哈代创作中的本土主义色彩。哈代“威塞克斯小说”中的神秘主义氛围主要有三个来源：希腊式悲剧英雄，引用《圣经》中的典故和意象，和哈代在创作中对巧合和象征主义的应用。在自然主义因素方面，本论文揭示了生物遗传和外在的社会环境对哈代小说中主人公命运的摧残；同时也讨论了达尔文进化论对哈代创作的影响。另一方面，论文也揭示了哈代本土主义的主要特征：哈代独特的历史视角，即人类过去和现在经历的历史统一，人与环境的冲突及环境和气候因素对人的影响。本文从以上三个方面进行深入的分析，从而揭示了哈代“威塞克斯小说”凄怆的悲剧美之所在。更多还原

【Abstract】 Thomas Hardy was one of the leading novelists in English literature at the end of nineteenth century. Most of his novels have his native place Dorset as their setting, and is known for his famous "Wessex novels". In these novels Hardy describes with great pain the deterioration of the rural life in southern England and expressed his pessimistic view on human life at large.Based on some of his Wessex novels, including The Mayor of Casterbridge, the Return of the Native, Tess of the d’Urbervilles and Jude the Obscure, this paper aims at making a close study of the major elements in Hardy’s Wessex novels and approaches it from 3 aspects: the mythological atmosphere, naturalistic elements and features of Hardy’s regionalism. The mythological atmosphere in Hardy’s novels mainly lies in 3 sources: His tragic Grecian heroes, Biblical allusions and images and Hardy’s use of literary techniques such as Coincidence and symbolism. For naturalistic elements, this paper demonstrates how biological heredity and external social forces work together to destroy Hardy’s characters and the influence of Darwin’s evolution theory on Hardy’s writings. Meanwhile, this paper also finds out the major features of Hardy’s regionalism are: Hardy’s unique historical vision of uniting the past and present in a local environment, the conflicts between the characters and his social environment and the influence of physical and climatic conditions upon the characters. With an intensive analysis in the above-mentioned perspectives, the paper finally comes to find out where the tragic beauty in Hardy’s novels lies.更多还原