【作者】 谢飞；

【导师】 王玉忠；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 高分子化学与物理， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 聚乙烯(PE)作为产量最大的通用塑料之一,由于重量轻、低毒性、良好的电气绝缘性和机械性能,被广泛应用于建筑、交通、家庭装饰和电线电缆等行业。然而它的极限氧指数很低极易燃烧,这一缺点严重影响了它的广泛应用。因此,提高聚乙烯的阻燃性成为一个挑战。这一问题可以通过添加阻燃剂来解决,如卤素化合物和无机氢氧化物等。不幸的是,卤素化合物面临很大的环境问题,而无机添加剂效率都较低。近年来膨胀型阻燃剂因为具有无卤、低毒、生烟量少等特点而得到很大重视。膨胀型阻燃剂主要通过受热分解在材料表面生成多孔的膨胀炭层,起到隔绝热、氧及可燃气体产物等作用达到阻燃目的。将金属化合物与膨胀型阻燃剂共同使用可以提高材料的阻燃性能。有研究表明金属盐类物质可以提高膨胀型阻燃聚丙烯的阻燃性能。某些金属络合物可以将烷基自由基转变为更稳定的物质。但还没有将其用于聚乙烯阻燃领域的报道,本论文采用多种有机金属络合物作为膨胀型阻燃剂的协效剂复配使用,取得了较好效果。从无卤阻燃聚乙烯出发,本论文以1-氧代-4-羟甲基-2,6,7-三氧杂-1-磷杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷和季戊四醇为原料合成了一种新型膨胀型阻燃剂三(1-氧代-1-磷杂-2,6,7-三氧杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷-4-羰基)季戊四醇酯(CA);并对其合成条件进行了研究;通过红外光谱、核磁共振等方法对合成的产物进行了结构标征。当它与聚磷酸铵(APP)/三聚氰胺磷酸盐(MP)和有机金属络合物复配使用时具有很好的阻燃性能。本论文还通过在一定温度下磷酸盐与多元醇的脱水酯化反应,运用反应挤更多还原

【Abstract】 Polyethylene (PE), with characteristics of light-mass, lower-poison, excellent electric-insulation and mechanical durability, has been widely applied in many fields such as building, transport, furniture and electrical industries. However, it has a low limiting oxygen index (LOI) value and is flammable. The fateful drawback of polyethylene restricts its wider application. Therefore, how to improve its flame retardancy becomes a big challenge.This problem can be solved by using flame-retardant additives, such as halogenated compounds and inorganic hydrated compounds. Unfortunately, halogenated compounds are serious environmentally problem, and inorganic additives have poor efficiency. Recently, intumescent flame retardants (IFRs) have received a considerable attention because they are non-halogen, low toxicity, and low smoke release. The IFRs are designed to swell and form a porous carbonaceous char layers on the surface of materials, which act as a barrier to heat, air and flammable pyrolysis products.The presence of some metal-containing compounds with IFRs seemed to enhance the flame-retardant action. It was observed that the metal salt appeared to improve the performance of IFRs/PP. Some metal chelates have been proposed that they convert alkylperoxy radicals to more stable species.In order to address the issue of halogen-free flame retardancy of PE, a novel intumescent flame retardant (CA) was synthesized based on更多还原