汽车安全驾驶中的人眼视线估计

【作者】 陈国勇；

【导师】 孙兴华；

【作者基本信息】 南京理工大学 ， 模式识别与智能系统， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 汽车驾驶安全性的提高，有赖于汽车被动安全和主动安全技术的研究。作为主动安全技术的组成部分，对驾驶员驾车状态的监控是必不可少的。本文的研究内容是使用普通的摄像头实时地进行人眼视线方向估计和驾驶员困倦状态检测，用以判断驾驶员是否处于安全驾驶状态。 首先，本文对人眼模型进行了讨论，在传统纺锤形眼睛模型的基础上，忽略下眼睑，只保留上眼睑、虹膜和内外角点。 然后，本文研究了眼睛各个特征的检测方法，包括眼睛窗口定位，角点检测，虹膜检测以及眼睑检测，并且采用一种简单的视线定位方法定位视线方向。本文将虹膜用圆来拟合，将上眼睑视为一段圆弧，研究并采用亚像素边缘检测方法检测亚像素级的虹膜边缘和基于梯度朝向和梯度方向信息的Hough变换的方法检测虹膜和眼睑。实验表明，本文采用的方法在低分辨率图像条件下具有更高的估计精度和实时性。 最后，本文将所提出的人眼视线方向估计算法应用于实时视线方向监控系统。这个系统能够实时地对驾驶员视线方向和困倦状态进行监控。从系统运行的效果看，在实验室环境中，本系统的运行效率是很高的。更多还原

【Abstract】 The enhancement of automobile driving security depends on the research of automobile passive security and the initiative security technology. As one of initiative security technologies, it is essential to monitor the condition of the driver. In this thesis, we focus on how to estimate the gaze of human eye and detect whether the driver is sleepy in real-time with a common camera, so that we can determine whether the driver is at unsafe driving condition.First of all, we discuss the eye model. Based on the traditional spindly eye model, we ignore the down-eyelid, only retain upper-eyelid, iris and eye corners.Then, we research methods of eye features detection, including eye window positioning, eye corners detection, iris detection and eye-lid detection. And we adopt a simple method to estimate gaze. We fit the iris to a circle and regard the upper-eyelid as a section of circular arc. Then we use the method of sub-pixel detection to detect sub-pixel edge and the method of Hough transform based on gradient orientation and gradient direction to detect circle. The experiment indicates that these methods have the higher estimating precision and more timeliness under the low resolution image condition.Finally, we apply the gaze estimation algorithm this paper proposed in a real-time gaze safety examination system. This system can carry on the monitoring of the gaze direction and the sleepy condition real-time. From the running effect of this system, the efficiency of this system is very high in the laboratory environment.更多还原