【作者】 王江峰；

【导师】 李培玉；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 机械制造及其自动化， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 随着世界海运业的不断发展，大型卸船机在港口的货物装卸中得到越来越广泛的应用，许多针对卸船机的状态监测和故障诊断研究也随之开展起来。本论文以上海宝钢原料码头卸船机为研究对象，针对卸船机运行时很常见的台车车轮轴承故障开展了一系列研究工作，通过大量理论调研和现场分析，提出一套具有实时状态监测和故障诊断功能的应用方案，并在该应用方案的基础上实现系统的具体设计。 本设计中的系统由两大部分组成：基于UA301的下位机数据采集系统和基于PC的上位机信号分析系统，上、下位机之间通过USB总线实现数据传输和采样控制。系统设计以轴承振动信号采集及其分析为中心，通过采集轴承振动信号，提取信号中轴承失效特征，并建立台车车轮轴承的振动档案和失效判别标准，以完成轴承故障的检测和诊断。 论文详细介绍了上位机信号分析软件，结合原料码头现场环境和实际需求，针对卸船机轴承低速重载特点，提出了具有创新性和可行性的信号采集和分析方案，其中包括多通道数据采集、显示和比对，异常信号自动捕捉和提示，时间段内高频连续采样等，并在软件设计中采用动态链接库的调用、多线程控制以及数据文件和数据库结合的数据管理等手段。该软件具有良好的人机交互界面、操作简便、功能可扩展性强和升级方便。 为提高系统的实际工作能力，改进和完善系统的设计方案和功能，操作人员多次在原料码头进行现场试验和测试，将现场采集信号分析的结论与轴承检修结果进行验证，并将结果反馈给系统判断标准库，对系统进行升级，进一步提高了系统的有效性和可靠性。多次现场实验证明，本系统在卸船机轴承的故障检测和诊断中结果准确，运行稳定，具有良好的应用前景和经济效益。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the world’s sea shipping continually developing day by day, the large-scale ship unloaders are more and more widely used in the cargos’ loading and unloading in port, and the research in accordance of the status monitoring and fault diagnosis of ship unloader is also unfolding. This thesis studies on the ship unloader of Shanghai Baosteel Raw Material Dock. It develops a series of study work in view of the faults of trolley wheel bearing which usually appear when the ship unloaders is in motion, and it brings out a set of practical plans which contains the function of real time status monitoring and fault diagnosis, and realize the systematic and specific design basing on this applied plan.The system of this design is composed of two parts- the data sample system of upper part based on UA301 and the signal analyzing system of lower part based on PC. The upper and lower parts transmit data and control sample through USB central line. The design of the system centres on collecting and analyzing the bearing vibration signals, and extracts the features of bearing invalidation through collecting the signals. It also sets up the archives of trolley wheel bearing vibration and the judge standard of invalidation, in order to finish the fault testing and diagnosis of bearing.This thesis introduces the signal analyzing software of the upper part in detail. Combined with the environments of raw material dock and the actual needs, and in accordance with the characters of low-speed and heavy-loaded ship unloader bearing, it puts forward some creative and feasible plans of signal collecting and analyzing, including data’s collecting, showing and contrasting through various channels, unusual signals’ automatic catching and prompting, high-frequency sample with some time, and so on. The design of the software adopts the transfer of Dynamic-Link Library, multi-thread control and the charge combine data documents with database, etc. This software has man-machine mutual boundary plane, so it can be easily operated and conveniently upgraded.To improve the practical work abilities, the design plan and the function of the system, the operators went to the raw material dock for many times to do the examination of the scene, verified the conclusion of signal collecting and analyzing and the result of bearing examination, and sent the feedback to the judge standard base of the system. Then the system is upgraded, so that the system became more useful and reliable.更多还原