【作者】 王飞；

【导师】 韦藤幼；

【作者基本信息】 广西大学 ， 化学工艺， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 植物有效成分提取是生产天然药物的基础。传统的提取方法普遍存在着提取时间长，溶剂损耗大，提取得率低等问题；具有过程强化的现代提取方法如超声波、微波等，又存在设备费用高、操作困难等不足，很难大规模工业应用。因此，对提取过程进行深入研究，应用新技术对传统工艺进行改进，解决存在的问题，成为生产天然药物的一个重要课题。 本文提出了半连续内部沸腾提取法。内部沸腾法是一种在常规条件下强化多孔介质内部传质的方法。该法先用少量低沸点溶剂充分浸润原料，使其充满孔内空间并使细胞溶胀、有效成分解吸，然后用温度高于前一种溶剂沸点的高沸点溶剂进行提取，使孔内的低沸点溶剂沸腾并在孔内形成对流传质，大大强化了孔内的传质过程。应用大孔树脂对绿原酸进行静态吸附实验来模拟植物有效成分提取过程，结果表明，内部沸腾发生时，传质效果最好。 半连续内部沸腾法提取植物有效成分时，物料间歇装卸、溶剂连续流动；溶剂靠重力和压差流过物料，与物料之间进行传质，并实现内部沸腾，强化了提取过程。该法将提取与过滤合在一起进行，缩短了操作时间。将半连续内部沸腾法应用于金银花中绿原酸和黄连中黄连素的提取中，并对产物进行了分离纯化。结果证明，该法在显著地更多还原

【Abstract】 Extracting effectual components from plants is basic of production of natural medicament. The traditional extracting methods always have disadvantages such as long extracting time, high solvent consumption, and low extracting ratio. However, modern extracting methods such as ultrasonic extraction and microwave extraction, need large investiment of equipments, and the operations are complex; thus they are difficult to be applied in industrial scale. Therefore, thorough studying on extraction process, improving traditional technics using new techniques and solving existent problems, become important tasks of natural medicament’s production.Semicontinuous extraction by inner ebullition was put forward in this paper. Inner ebullition was presented to enhance the mass transfer inside porous media on general condition. The method of inner ebullition included two steps: firstly, a small quantity of a low boiling point release-solvent was used to saturate the plant from which the effectual components were to be extracted; then a hot solvent with a boiling point higher than that of the release-solvent was added, so the release-solvent inside the plant is heated to boil by hot solvent, and the mass transfer inside was turned to convectional transport, thus the process was enhanced. Experiment on static purification of chlorogenic acid using the D101 macroporous resin was taken to simulate the process of extracting effectual components from plants. The results indicated that mass transfer reached the highest level when inner ebullition was happened.更多还原