“三言二拍”中的法意与人情

【作者】 颜超；

【导师】 马瑞芳；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 中国古代文学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本文分四章展开论述。 第一章：素材和方法。选择“三言二拍”作为本文的研究对象，是基于其在文学史上的重要地位和影响；同时，它本身所拥有的丰富的法制风情资料、对社会市井人情的真实反映、所具有的对法律秩序的巨大构建潜力以及它的明代法制背景，都为这种跨学科研究的尝试提供了素材上的可能。 方法上，“法律与文学”是当今最前沿的法社会学研究理论之一，不仅具有新颖性而且被认为是一种非常有效和有意义的研究方法，而将其应用到文学研究中当属一种有益的试验；同时，法律与文学对“人”本身的关注、影响跟人们对法律、文学的抗争和反叛，这两者之间的互动，也为这种研究方法的应用提供了适宜的条件。 第二章：“三言二拍”中的国家制定法分析。面对“三言二拍”故事中涉及的诸多法律因素，我们首先定义“法意”为“故事中体现的国家制定法”概念，为下面的研究廓清范围。 通过个案分析，确定“‘三言二拍’中反映的法律在很大程度上是与当时国家制定法基本一致的”，这一命题作为从“三言二拍”故事中抽象出具体法律制度的理论基础，而后用图表标明，在“法意”概念下“三言二拍”故事中涉及到四类国家法律制度。 在对小说中反映这四类法律制度的故事分析之后，我们得出“三言二拍”故事反映出的古代法律制度的基本特点：礼法融合、德主刑辅、息讼和贱讼。这就为后文的民间秩序提供了比较的原始坐标。 第三章：“三言二拍”涉法故事中的“人情”对国家法的重构过程。定义“人情”为“一种大众文化的心理状态”，进而指出，正是它使得民间法律秩序完成了对国家制定法规定的重构。 重构过程分析：对第二章相应部分进行颠覆，从三个方面指出民间法律秩序的基本特点：反叛礼治、惩罚恶念、参讼与善讼。 由上得出“三言二拍”类市井人情小说存在的意义：使国家制度和人民的呼更多还原

【Abstract】 It stretches the thought in four chapters.Chapter one: source material and method. The reason to choose "San Yan Er Pai" as its research object is that it holds very important status and influence in the literature history; and At the same time, all the factors that its rich legal materials, its real reflections of the residential life in society, its huge constructive potential to the legal order and its the Ming Dynasty background, provide material possibility for the cross-disciplinary research.Method: the "Law and Literature" is one of the most popular theories in the research of legal sociology, it has novelty characteristic, so it is a helpful attempt to apply it in literature research; Meanwhile, it provide a condign condition that the attention and influence of law and literature has to the basic of human being itself and people do resists and rebellions to law and literature in the Ming Dynasty.Chapter two: the analysis of national positive law in "San Yan Er Pai". When facing such a great deal of legal factors, which the tale of "San Yan Er Pai" has involved, we firstly define the "spirit of law" as "national positive law embodying in the tale", it expurgates the range of research.By way of case-analysis, we define the proposition that it is basally the same between the law reflecting in "San Yan Er Pai" and the temporal national positive law, as the foundation of theory, with which we can abstract specific regime of law. And then, we can narrate four kinds of national regime of law in the meaning of "spirit of law".After the analysis of these four kinds of legal system reflecting in the novel, we make a conclusion. There are four basal characteristics in the ancient legal system. They are amalgamation of ceremony and law, morality primary and punishment following , appease and scorn lawsuit. It provides the original target of comparison to the popular order.Chapter three: the rebuilding process of "popular bias" to the state law. We define "popular bias" as "a psychological state of popular culture", and then point out that, it is the right thing which completes the rebuilding of the civil legal order to the states to更多还原