车载GPS道路测量与修正系统的研究与开发

【作者】 李翠；

【导师】 刘涳；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 交通信息工程及控制， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 随着社会经济的发展，汽车愈来愈成为人们生活中必不可少的交通工具，造成了日益严重的交通拥挤和环境问题，智能交通系统应运而生，电子地图作为智能交通的重要组成部分，也愈来愈显出其突出的重要地位。但现有导航电子地图现势性差，道路信息不完整以及更新速度慢，大大制约了智能交通的发展，要解决这一问题，就必须在现有电子地图上更新、修正、补充道路信息，因此开发一种快速而高效地更新导航数字地图的方法就尤为重要。车载GPS测量作为一种低成本、高效率的数据获取手段，可以很好的解决这一问题。 本文所设计开发的车载GPS道路测量与修正系统就是通过车载GPS测量记录道路的空间属性信息以及非空间属性信息，并实时将采集到的道路的坐标信息进行差分处理，显示并保存在基站的计算机上，待进行进一步的数据处理后，输出至GIS系统，实现对电子地图的更新。 在论文中，对道路数据库的建立、GPS数据的处理以及系统的实现做了重点探讨，主要做的工作有：利用车载GPS测量道路坐标，并选择采用自适应Kalman滤波算法处理动态数据，提高了道路的测量精度；根据道路矢量数据特点和在本系统的应用目的，详细设计建立了道路数据库；研究了数据处理方法，对车载GPS采集到的道路数据进行处理，包括粗差剔除、坐标转换、空间属性数据与非空间属性数据的匹配、线路偏心改正、曲线拟合等；从软硬件方面设计实现了车载GPS道路测量与修正系统的各项功能，较好的实现了电子地图中道路信息的更新，对促进国内车辆导航系统的发展以及智能交通的发展有着重要的意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of the society economy, the automobile is more and more necessary vehicle in people’s life, which results in the increasingly serious traffic jam and the environment problem. The electronic map is the important constitute part of the intelligence transportation system, which emerge with the tide of the times, and also show its outstanding important position more and more. But the timeliness of the existing electronic map is bad, the road information in the electronic map isn’t complete and the updating speed is slow, which restrict the development of the intelligence transportation system. To resolve this problem, have to update the existing electronics map, revise and add the road information. Therefore develop a kind method of the fast and efficiently navigate numerical map is vary important. Vehicle-mounted GPS is a kind of low cost and high-efficiency means to obtain data, and it can be good to resolve this problem.The system by designed in this paper can record the spacial attribute information and the non-spacial attribute information of road, and carry on difference processing with the road coordinate data on the real-time. The result will be showed and saved in the computer fixed in the basal station. After the further data processing, the data is output to the GIS system, in order to update the electronics map.In this paper, the author discusses the establishment of the path database, GPS data processing and the system reality chiefly. The central work including survey path coordinates using Vehicle-mounted GPS, processing dynamic data with the auto-adapted Kalman filter algorithm and increasing the path measuring accuracy. According to the features of road vector data and the application aim of this system, the author designs the path database. At the same time, study the data processing methods including gross error rejection, coordinate conversion, data match, partiality correct, and so on. In the end, realize all the function of this system from software and hardware aspects. The system has important significance to promote the development of domestic car navigation systems and the development of ITS.更多还原