【作者】 温亮宝；

【导师】 吴保国；

【作者基本信息】 北京林业大学 ， 森林经理学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 环境与发展是当今人类社会面临的两大主题,森林是人类社会赖以生存和发展的物质基础。做好森林病虫害防治工作,实施森林病虫害的可持续控制,才能保护现有的森林资源和维护生态环境。在森林病虫害防治中,病虫害的诊断是一项对技术要求比较高的工作,需要专门的技术人员才能完成;另外,森林资源分布广泛,紧缺的病虫害防治技术人员、专家不可能深入到病虫害发生的每一处。因此可以结合现有的森林病虫害防治方式,采用信息技术实现森林病虫害防治技术的发展,最终较好地实现防治目标,本文以国家863课题项目为背景,利用网络技术、数据库技术和专家系统技术,结合领域专家的病虫害诊断经验和病虫害防治技术成果,建立了基于网络的森林病虫害诊断咨询专家系统。本文首先介绍专家系统理论及相关领域研究现状,然后分析了系统所需的信息技术,研究了森林病虫害的诊断方法、专家的知识构成,在此基础上设计了系统结构和功能,选取了系统合适的体系结构和开发运行环境。通过多种渠道进行知识获取,然后进行提炼、整理,采用多种知识表示方式,对于诊断、决策型的知识主要采用基于规则的产生式知识表示方法进行表示,结合数据库技术组织知识库。推理机部分采用正向和反向控制策略,与或树的搜索策略,模拟专家解决问题的思路。最后,完成了基于网络的森林病虫害诊断咨询专家系统,并以北京地区为例提交北京市林业局使用。由此可见,本文研建的系统总体上是可行的、实用的,并将会对今后的相关系统建设提供有益的思路。在文章的最后,提出了系统进一步完善和发展的方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 Environment and development are the two themes which human society faces today. Forest is the substantial basis for human beings to live and develop. Through the good control of forest diseases and pests and carrying sustainable control into execution, forest resources can be protected and environment can be well maintained. In order to guarantee prevention and control target effectively, forest disease and pest control strategies should be changed. Some new information technologies have been adopted to enhance the development of forest disease and pest control. This paper takes advantage of network, database and expert system technologies together with existing technology and experience from disease and pest experts to construct forest disease and pest diagnosis consultation expert system, which is supported by the national 863-Projects.Theory of expert system and real situation in related fields are firstly introduced. Analysis on information technology for the system and investigation into forest disease and pest diagnosis method are followed. Then the whole structure and function for the system is designed, and appropriate system structure and development and running environment are also carefully selected. After being scientifically extracted and reasonably arranged, the knowledge is expressed through multifold ways. Incorporated with database, the knowledge base is established. Obverse and reverse reasoning control strategy and AND/OR tree search strategy are both used in the inference machine to simulate the way that the expert solves the problem. At last, the expert system is successfully implemented and is practically validated and put into use in Beijing city. Finally, further research and what can be improved for the system are indicated.更多还原