【作者】 叶月华；

【导师】 庄宝华； 张秋英；

【作者基本信息】 福建农林大学 ， 作物栽培学与耕作学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究针对当前麦草生产利用的新形势，于2004—2005年度开展了以收获嫩麦草为主要目的的大麦品种筛选和栽培技术试验，对高产、优质大麦草产量和品质形成特性进行了探讨，获得以下试验结果。 （1）参试的5个福建省当地选育的大麦品种比较结果显示，不同大麦品种的草生长特性和营养品质，包括麦草生长姿态、繁茂性、分蘖力和再生性能，多次割青的麦草产量，以及叶片叶绿素、蛋白质含量和SOD活性等，都存在明显差异。5个品种中，大福1号尤为突出，表现分蘖力和繁茂性好，再生力强，草产量高，营养品质好，综合性状优越，适合作为麦草生产的品种。 （2）本文播种量试验表明，麦草生产适宜的种植密度较高，但也不是越高越好；过高种植密度不仅没有增产作用，反而会造成麦草营养品质的下降。试验认为，在当地生产条件下，以每666.7m²播种量控制在15kg左右比较适宜。 （3）在肥料施用量上，试验结果表明，麦草产量对增加复合肥施用量有显著的反应。但过高施肥量不仅没有获得更大增产效果，反而可能导致麦草营养品质的降低。试验认为，在当地条件下，以每666.7m²施50-60kg复合肥（N：P₂O₅：K₂O=16：16：16）为宜。 （4）在不同时期肥料分配比例上，试验显示，采取基肥一次性施用，获得了最好的施肥效果；采取施足基肥，增加早期追肥比例的处理，也有较好的增产作用。因此认为，麦草生产中应高度重视施足基肥、早施追肥、加大前期肥料用量的施肥方式。 （5）最后，本文探讨了麦草干燥方法对营养品质的影响，结果表明，麦草收割后，应尽快干燥处理，干燥过程维持较温和的烘干温度（50—60℃），有利于麦草营养品质的保持。更多还原

【Abstract】 Referring to the recent situations of barley grass production and utilization, the experiments were conducted in the studies on respects of variety screening and cultivation practices, which affected the grass yield and the nutrition quality of barley during 2004-2005. The results are as follows.（1） Comparative experiment with 5 barley varieties bred in Fujian showed the significant differences between varieties on the characteristics of vegetative growth and the qualities of leaf nutrition, including plant characters, exuberance, tillering vigor, regrowth ability, cutting vegetative yield, leaf chlorophyll andsoluble protein contents, and SOD activity. Among these varieties Dafu No.1 standed out of them, which performed superiority in synthetic traits, being worthy of much attention in barley grass production.（2） Sowing rate experiment in this studies indicated that the adaptive planting density was much higher in grass production than in grain production of barley, but over high density had no effect on yield increasing and instead it could result in decreasing of grass nutrition quality. The experiment suggested that sowing rate 15kg/666.7m² be suitable for barley grass production in local areas.（3） The experiment of fertilizing amount indicated that increasing amount of complex fertilizer application could obtain high grass yield of barley, but over amount of fertilizer did not result in further increasing of yield and could cause in quality decreasing. So the amount of complex fertilizer （N:P₂O₅:K₂O= 16:16:16） 50-60kg/666.7m² could be recommended for local production.（4） In split dressing experiment, the results showed that the fertilizing effects on grass yield and quality were the highest in the treatment when all complex fertilizer was used as basal dressing, and were higher when enough fertilizer was used as basal dressing and more rate was used at the early growth stage.（5） Finally, dry method effects on nutrition contents of barley grass were investigated. The results showed that the dry processing should be done in time after barley grass was harvested. Maintaining soft temperature（50—60℃ ）in drying of grass更多还原