【作者】 刘娜翠；

【导师】 邱荣祖；

【作者基本信息】 福建农林大学 ， 森林工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 木材物流是物流理论研究应用的一个具体领域，木材物流的合理与否关系到木材供应链的整体效率与竞争力。木材运输与库存是物流系统中占物流成本比例最高的两个环节，通过对木材运输与库存进行优化，改变传统的物流运作方式，制定可行的物流措施，可以大大节约物流成本，提高木材物流效率和服务质量。 运输费用是木材调运决策的主要因素。以运输费用最小为优化目标，通过构建木材物流运输问题数学模型，包括木材直达运输模型和木材中转运输模型，在此基础上建立了木材混合运输优化模型，为合理调运木材和降低运输成本提供了科学的决策依据。 根据需材企业的主生产计划和产品的层次结构关系，运用物料需求计划法，对需材企业原料木材进行MRP库存控制研究，并提出木材供应链企业间必须协同运作，建立合作伙伴关系、实现供应链信息共享，以此对木材的库存量达到精确控制，实现企业零库存和无缺货，从而节约供应链物流成本。 在基本的经济订购批量模型的基础上，综合库存决策的约束因素，对第三方物流企业的库存问题，根据连续随机需求和离散随机需求两种情况，分别建立了相应的库存控制数学模型。同时应用现代供应链思想，对木材供应链中第三方物流企业与其服务的需材企业进行了联合库存研究，分析了采用联合库存的的优点和联合库存实现的措施，并建立了联合库存控制的决策模型。 将存在着紧密联系的木材运输和库存两大问题集成为木材物流系统的核心问题，对木材物流系统进行优化研究，建立系统优化的数学模型，分析了模型的求解过程，最后以永安林业(集团)股份有限公司为例，对木材物流系统优化模型进行了应用分析，并运用LINGO优化软件对实例进行了求解，提出物流系统的优化方案。研究表明木材物流系统由第三方企业实行联合库存，统一配送可以提高物流效率、节约物流成本。更多还原

【Abstract】 Timber logistics is a specific field in study and application of logistics theory, and the degree of its rationalization has great impact on the integrated efficiency and competitiveness of the timber supply chain. Among the timber logistics costs, the costs of transportation and the inventory took up the overwhelming majority. Many methods were been applied, including the optimization of transportation arrangement, the inventory control, the alteration of traditional operation methods and the establishment of feasible logistics measures, to reduce the costs of logistics greatly and improve the efficiency and the service quality.The transportation costs were the critical factors of decision-making of timber trans-region movement. The optimal mathematic models, including nonstop transportation model, secondary transportation model and the mixed transportation model, were established to make the proper decision of timber transport projects. Aimed at providing the decision-making gist to minimize the transport costs and make the timber transportation reasonably.According to the Master Production Schedule (MPS) and the hierarchical relationship of timber processing corporation, the inventory control of timber was studies using the method of Material Requirements Planning (MRP). The conclusion could be drawn that the enterprises must cooperate with others, established fellowship, realized Logistics information communion in the timber supply chain. Thus, inventory could be controlled accurately, the timber enterprises achieved not out of stock and zero-inventory, so as to save the logistics cost in the supply chain.The mathematic models of inventory control about the third party logistics were established to solve the inventory problem of two types of demands, viz. continuous random demands and discrete random demands, based on the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) model with the constraints of inventory decision-making. Meanwhile, with modern supply chain theory, jointly managed inventory studies were drew between the third party logistics and backward timber processing corporation in the supply chains, and then its advantages and更多还原