实用化光纤光栅传感器和微结构光纤光栅传感器的研究

【作者】 赵健；

【导师】 开桂云；

【作者基本信息】 南开大学 ， 光学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文是在国家科技部973计划项目和天津市科委重点攻关项目等课题的支持下完成的。本论文的研究重点为:用于分布式光纤光栅传感解调系统中的可实用化的温度和应变传感器、基于FP解调的传感解调系统的研制、微结构光纤光栅和微结构光纤光栅传感的研究。本论文的主要研究内容包括:1、总结了分布式光纤传感技术和准分布式光纤光栅传感技术的研究进展以及分布式传感的优越性并介绍了光纤光栅传感原理。对光纤光栅的分类进行了详细的论述,介绍了微结构光纤的理论分析方法。2、系统介绍了光纤光栅的理论分析方法,并利用这些方法中的耦合模理论、传输矩阵法和傅立叶变换法对布拉格光栅、长周期光栅、啁啾光栅的光谱特性进行了分析并详细介绍了光纤光栅传感的复用技术和解调技术。3、设计制作了实用化的光纤光栅温度传感器和应变传感器。对温度、应变传感器的传感原理和封装结构分别做了详细介绍。采用自动控温系统和数据自动采集系统测试传感器,提高了测试数据的准确性。应用差分等数据处理方法对大量数据进行分析,测试数据表明我们研制的温度、应变传感器重复性良好,线性拟和度高,达到了实际应用的要求。4、应用FP解调技术研制了光纤光栅传感网络系统。该系统以光纤光栅作为传感基元,采用了波分复用(WDM)、空分复用(SDM)相结合的技术,给出了系统的指标,并用于温度场和应变场的测试。实验结果表明,该系统具有很高的测量精度和实际应用潜力。5、进行了微结构光纤与普通单模光纤的熔接现象和熔接损耗的研究与分析,给出了一组相对理想的熔接参数和一种相对理想的熔接方法,利用全矢量有限单元方法数值模拟了微结构光纤中的低阶和高阶模场,计算了柚子型微结构光纤光栅的耦合波长。并利用微结构光纤光栅进行了温度、应变传感方面的初步实验,取得了一些有价值的实验结果。更多还原

【Abstract】 This thesis focuses on the application of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor and FBG sensing networks. The principles of the distributed fiber sensor and distributed FBG sensing technology are introduced. The FBG sensing technology, network multiplexing technology, and demodulation technology are mentioned in this dissertation. The FBG type and fabrication method have also been summarized. We have studied the application of FBG in temperature and strain sensing and highly precise and stable demodulation system. The experimental results are fairly good. The property of microstructure optic fiber (MOF)is researched in the thesis. We have analyzed and discussed the splicing loss between the MOF and the SMF, numerically simulated the fundamental and higher modes of the MOF, calculated the coupling wavelength of the MOF LPG(long-period grating) ,and utilized the MOF FBG in the field of fiber sensing.This thesis is supported by the national 973 project and key program sponsored by Tianjin science and technology committee. In this thesis, we have studied the FBG sensor used in the distributed FBG sensing demodulation system, FBG sensing networks based on the FP demodulation technology and MOF & MOF FBG. The main contents of the paper are listed as follows:1. The general development situation of the distributed fiber sensing technology, the distributed FBG sensing technology and the advantages of the distributed FBG sensing technology are summarized at first. Then we introduce the principles of the FBG sensing, FBG classification and theoretical analyzing method of the MOF.2.Several theoretical analysis methods of fiber grating characteristics are presented, including the mode-coupling theory, transfer matrix method,multi-film method and Fourier transfer method. The spectra of the FBG and LPG have been analyzed by these methods. The multiplexing techniques and fiber grating demodulation methods are introduced in this dissertation.3.We have designed and made the FBG-based temperature and strain sensors. The sensing principle and packaging configuration of the sensors are demonstrated. By using the automatic temperature control system and the automatic data acquisition system, the data precision has been greatly enhanced. The experimental data processed with new method show a good linearity and repetition of the sensor. The R2 is high enough to meet the demand in practical applications.更多还原