分散聚合法制备聚丙烯酰胺水包水乳液

【作者】 李强；

【导师】 胡星琪；

【作者基本信息】 西南石油大学 ， 应用化学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 PAM是目前应用最为广泛的水溶性有机高分子，已广泛应用于采油、水处理、制糖、洗煤、选矿、造纸等工业部门。 近年来开发出了一种新产品—PAM水包水乳液。所谓水包水乳液是指，把水溶性聚合物在分散剂的作用下分散到水溶性的介质中所制得的聚合物乳液，使用时用大量的水稀释，聚合物很快就溶于水。这种PAM水包水乳液具有易干燥、易溶解的优点，且分散介质是水溶性的，从而广泛地应用于对油含量要求很低的领域，如造纸工业、絮凝剂等。 本文首先用聚乙烯醇与马来酸反应合成出大单体稳定剂TM₄，与常用的大分子稳定剂（PVP）相比性能更优：不仅用量少，且制备的水包水型PAM乳液具有更高的固含量。 此外，还详细考察了引发剂浓度、单体浓度、温度、稳定剂用量和反应时间等因素对聚合反应的影响。通过正交实验，确定了丙烯酰胺聚合的优化工艺参数： 引发剂浓度：ω_i=0.0015 单体浓度：35％ TM₄用量：mTM₄/mAM=0.03 温度：50℃ 聚合时间：6小时 在该条件下，可使聚丙烯酰胺的分子量达到8.75万，PAM乳液的固含量达到37％。更多还原

【Abstract】 PAM is the most widely used organic macromolecule, has been widely used in oil extraction, water treatment, refine sugar and coal washing, processing, paper and other industrial sectors.In recent years developed a new product—water package of water type PAM emulsion. The emulsion is the polymer emulsion which makes when the water soluble polymer disperse to the water soluble medium under the function of dispersing agent, It may use massive water to dilute when we need to use, The polymer dissolves quickly in the water. This kind of water package of water type PAM emulsion has the merit: easy dry easy to dissolve, and the dispersion medium is water-soluble, so it applies widely in the domain of low oil content, such as paper industry flocculant and so on.At first, the article synthesize synthetic monomer stabilizer TM4 with polyvinyl alcohol and maleic acid , contrast TM4 to and the large molecules stabilizer (PVP) : less dosage, higher solid content of water package of water type PAM emulsion.In addition, Inspected factors of initiator density monomer density temperature, amount used of stabilizer and reaction time of the polyreaction influence. Through the massive experiments, the article has determined the acrylic amide polymerization optimized craft parameter:Initiator density: ω_i =0.0015Monomer density: 35%Amount used of TM4: mTM4/mAM=0.03 Temperature : 50 ℃Polymerization time: 6 hoursUnder this condition, the molecular weight of the polyacrylamide achieve 87500, solid content of the PAM emulsion achieves 37%.更多还原