秘密侦查法制化研究

【作者】 徐鑫；

【导师】 靳建丽；

【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 ， 法律， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 历史的比较秘密侦查可以发现，其发展规律一方面展现出秘密侦查技术的不断进步，另一方面又体现了秘密侦查手段不断受法律规制而愈加有序的趋势；横向与西方国家的秘密侦查法制比较，可分析总结秘密侦查法制化的先进成果，这些对我国当前秘密侦查法制化的建设有着重要的借鉴意义。 因此本文分为四部分对秘密侦查的法制化问题进行探讨： 第一部分主要对秘密侦查之渊源进行探究，并对我国秘密侦查的发展和国外秘密侦查的发展进行比较。我国的秘密侦查历史悠久，最早作为军事策略使用，之后才逐渐被移植到侦查活动之中。我国历朝历代的侦查活动都有秘密侦查手段的运用。秦汉以后，封建社会得到了空前的发展，随着侦查实践经验的不断积累和丰富，新的秘密侦查方法不断出现，并日趋系统和完备。总体而言，同西方相比，中国的秘密侦查技术在清代之前较为领先，但是，虽然西方秘密侦查方法起步较晚，但是发展较快，特别是近现代西方秘密侦查的迅速发展，对现代秘密侦查的发展起着重要的作用。许多现代科学技术成果被用于侦查之中，这就使得侦查机关的侦查手段丰富起来，技术侦查措施由此产生并日益成为打击犯罪的一种重要的侦查手段。 第二部分着重从秘密侦查的概念、秘密侦查的特点、秘密侦查的价值、秘密侦查的类型等方面对秘密侦查进行本体研究。秘密侦查是为了对付危害大且侦破难度高的某些特殊犯罪。秘密侦查的实施主体是侦查机关，即现行刑事诉讼法所规定的具有侦查权的国家机关；侦查的对象是某些特殊案件中的特定对象；侦查的目的是为了对付一些危害大、隐蔽性强、侦查难度高的特殊犯罪；秘密侦查必须在法律规范内实施；秘密侦查的强制性是其本质特征；秘密侦查必要时才能实施，即坚持其辅助性原则。相对于传统的侦查手段，秘密侦查措施极易产生侵害人权的消极后果，而且侵害范围往往超过一般侦查措施只对特定犯罪嫌疑人的侵害。秘密侦查的正当性，源于犯罪控制与个人自治利益的价值冲突与合理平衡。 在对秘密侦查进行介绍与分析之后，文章第三部分对我国秘密侦查之现状进行了评析。着重分析我国秘密侦查的立法现状，找出我国秘密侦查立法现状的原因，并指出秘密侦查神秘主义之消极影响。我国关于秘密侦查的立法较为滞后，更多还原

【Abstract】 Analysis the secret investigation in the history, we will find that there is a principle in the development of secret investigation, which is the legalization and technology. On the other hand, compared with the western countries, we can find another principle of legalization to the measures of secret investigation, which is useful for implanting the success experiences of them. And that is the aim of this dissertation.So the dissertation includes four parts:The first part is about the history of secret investigation and comparing of the development between our country and western countries. There is a long history of secret investigation in China. In the beginning, the secret investigation was used as military tactics. Then it was replanted to the criminal investigation area. There were abundant experiences about secret investigation in every dynasty in China. And with the pile of the practice experiences, new secret investigation ways accrued gradually. Compared with western countries, Chinese secret investigation was one-upping before QING dynasty. Though the secret investigation way accrued latter than China, they developed very quickly. Especially the recent western secret investigation develops more quickly. Nowadays, secret investigation has been becoming one of the most important ways to fight crimes.The second part is about the concept, nature, function and types of secret investigation. Secret investigation is used to fight with the most serious and difficult crimes. The subject of secret investigation is the criminal investigator, which is the national organ with the power of criminal investigation in criminal procedural law. The object of secret investigation is special object in some special cases. The aim of secret investigation is to fight with the very serious crimes, difficult crimes. And the secret investigation must commit in the law. The nature characteristics of secret investigation is compel lent. Secret investigation must be committed when necessary.更多还原