【作者】 于伟利；

【导师】 董相廷；

【作者基本信息】 长春理工大学 ， 应用化学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 在过去的十年中，静电纺丝技术作为一种简单而又快捷地制备一维纳米-亚微米材料的方法获得了迅速的发展，并逐渐成为纳米材料研究领域的热点之一。如何更好地利用这一技术制备出满足科研、生产需要的超细纤维已经对静电纺丝技术的发展提出了更高的要求。 金属双硫腙是一类比较典型的光致变色化合物，在军事伪装、染料工业及重金属盐的监测等方面有着广泛的应用前景。 本文采用静电纺丝技术制备了聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)超细纤维，研究了实验参数对静电纺丝纤维形貌的影响，结果表明聚合物浓度，外加电场电压对纤维直径粗细及分布均有一定影响。 本文采用静电纺丝技术分别制备了双硫腙汞／聚苯乙烯、双硫腙镉／聚苯乙烯、双硫腙锌／聚苯乙烯超细纤维，并采用SEM、XRD、UV-Vis、ESR、FTIR对其进行了表征。SEM表明，所用溶剂介电常数越大，所制备纤维越粗；XRD表明，纤维为无定型结构；UV-Vis表明，双硫腙汞光致变色效果最好，双硫腙锌光致变色效果较差，双硫腙镉光致变色效果最差；ESR表明，光照下纤维中有电子转移。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a simple and quick method for preparing nano- or submicrometer fibers, great progress has been made in electrospinning technique in the past decade. Therefore, electrospinning technique has become one of the current studied subjects in the nanomaterials research field. How to better prepare various kinds of ultafine fibers using electrospinning technique to meet the needs of scientific research and production has proposed a higher demand for electrospinning technique.Dithizonate salt is one of the typical photochromic compounds and has widely used in military, dye industry, as well as in heavy metal detections.PVP ultrafine fibers were prepared via an electrospinning technique, and the effect of operating parameters on morphology and diameter of electrospun fibers of PVP had been investigated. It was showed that both concentration and applied potential had certain effect on the diameter and distribution of PVP ultrafine fibers.Hg(HDz)2/PS, Cd(HDz)2/PS and Zn(HDz)2/PS ultrafine fibers were prepared by electrospinning technique separately, and characterized by SEM, FTIR, XRD, UV-Vis and ESR. The SEM analysis showed that the higher the dielectric constant, the bigger the diameter; XRD results showed that the non-woven mat was nearly amorphousn in structure; UV-Vis measurements indicated that Hg(HDz)2/PS showed the best photochromism of the three, and the Zn(HDz)2/PS was better than Cd(HDz)2/PS. One-electron transition was confirmed by ESR.更多还原