【作者】 钱贵明；

【导师】 孙效敏；

【作者基本信息】 华东政法学院 ， 法律， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 食品安全是人类生存和发展的前提,在有效保障食品供给的同时,食品的质量安全在当今世界愈来愈凸现,保证食品的质量安全已经是各个国家面临的难题。我国在解决温饱以后,食品安全事件频繁发生,食品的质量安全形势日益严峻,已经严重地危害了人们的身体健康,影响到我国政治、社会的稳定和经济的持续健康发展,加强食品安全的法律控制迫在眉睫。本文着重从食品安全立法和食品安全执法监管角度探讨我国食品安全——质量安全问题产生的原因和法律控制中存在的缺陷,进行了怎样加强食品安全控制的有益探索,并提出了有效控制食品安全的建议:立法上构建“从农田到餐桌”的法律控制制度体系,食品安全监管上进行有关管理制度建设。本文包括导论,正文和结束语三个部分,正文分为四章。第一章,加强食品安全控制的紧迫性和必要性。第一节,食品安全控制的紧迫性,我国市场上不合格食品大量存在,假冒伪劣食品泛滥,导致食品安全事故和食源性疾病频发,严重地损害了人们的健康,亟需加强食品安全的法律控制。第二节,食品安全控制的必要性,具体体现在食品安全对经济发展的影响,维护人们身体健康的客观要求和发展对外食品贸易的需要。第二章,食品安全基本概念的探讨。主要探讨了食品安全概念的变迁,食品的定义,食品安全的内涵,包括食品数量安全,食品质量安全和食品来源的可持续性安全,食品安全概念的表述和食品安全主体,有食品安全监管执法机关,食品生产销售者,食品消费者和其他主体。第三章,我国食品安全问题探讨。第一节,我国食品安全问题产生的原因分析,有生产加工方面的原因,转基因食品的潜在风险,地方保护主义,信用与道德因素,食品安全教育的缺乏和食品安全监管原因。第二节,我国食品安全立法存在的缺陷,包括食品安全立法指导思想的局限性,食品安全法律体系的缺陷和食品安全法律中关键术语定义不清问题。第四章,完善我国食品安全法律制度的建议。第一节,建立健全食品安全法律基本制度:产前环境质量法律制度,生产加工法律制度,市场销售法律制度,食品安全信用管理制度,食品安全承诺、召回和追溯制度,食品安全管理的HACCP体系。第二节,合理配置食品安全法律责任,主要是对生产、销售者的法律责任和食品安全执法者的法律责任的合理配置。第三节,发挥消费者作用的法律制度设计:激励消费者维权投诉的措施,降低维权成本的制度安排,诉讼权制度设计。第四节,建立健全食品安全评估标准体系:建立统一的食品及农产品安全标准体系,解决食品安全标准低、过时和老化问题,加强食品安全标准的研究与借鉴。更多还原

【Abstract】 Food safety is the premise of the human survival and the development. While food supplies are effectively safeguarded, food quality safety problems in the world are increasingly emerging now.Guaranteeing the food quality safety has been already a difficult problem which each country is facing. After Our country’s solution to warm and sufficient conditions, the food safety events frequently occur and food quality safety situation become stern day by day.It is already the serious harm to people’s health, and has affected our country politics, the social stability and the economic continual healthy development.It is urgent to strengthen the law control to food safety. This article emphatically discusses the reason to our country food safety—quality safety problem and the flaw of law control from the food safety legislation and law enforcement and supervising and managing. Study how to strengthen the control of food safety and put forward the active proposal of food safety control : in legislation constructs legal control institutional framework "from the farmland to the dinner table", in food safety supervising and managing carry on the related management system.This article includes the introductory remarks, the main text and the concluding remarks, the main text is divided into four chapters.Chapter1, the urgency and the necessity of strengthening food safety control. First section, urgency of the control of food safety, in our country market the unqualified food massive existing, spurious food to be in flood, causeing food safety accidents and the frequent food source disease and the serious harm to people’s health.It has been urgent to strengthen he legal control of food safety. Second section, the necessity of controling food safety, specifical influence to the economical development, the objective to maintain the people’s health and the need of foreign food trade.Chapter2, food safe basic concept discussion. Mainly discussing the history of food safety concept , food definition, food safety connotation, including food quantity and quality safety, sustainable safety of getting food , food safety concept , food safety subjectives ,includingh food safety supervisor , food producer and salesman, food consumers and other subjectives.Chapter3, our country food safety problem discussion. First section, the reason analysis about our country food safety problem,including the reason to production and processing, the latent risk of genetically modified food, the regional protectionism, the credit and the moral factor, lacking food safety education , food safety supervising and managing reason. Second section, our country food safety legislation flaw, including limitation of guiding ideology of food safety legislation, the flaw of food safety legal framework and unclear definition of essential terminology in food safety law.Chapter4, suggestions of perfecting food safety law system. First section, establishing the food safety basic law system: the pre-natal environment quality law system, the production and processing law system, the market sale law system, establishing food safety credit administration system, establishing the food safety pledge, recalls and tracing system, carrying out the HACCP system. Second section, reasonably arranging food safety legal liability, mainly on producers and salesmen and the food safety supervisors. Third section, the legal system to display the power of the consumers : the measures to stimulate the consumers, the system arrangement of reducing the cost of asserting rights, the lawsuit system designment. Fourth section, establishing the perfect food safety standard system: Establishment of unified food and agricultural product safety standard system, the solution to low ,old and obsolete standard problems, strengthening the research and introduction of food safety standard.更多还原