【作者】 吴启端；

【导师】 吴清和；

【作者基本信息】 广州中医药大学 ， 中药学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 急性心肌梗死是冠心病的一种严重类型,其临床危害甚重,尤其当心肌坏死范围较大时常发生心律失常、心力衰竭和心源性休克等重症或危及生命。随着人们生活水平的不断提高和生存寿命逐渐延长,冠心病心肌梗死的发病率和死亡率亦不断增加,如美国每年约有150万人患急性心肌梗死,因此病致死的人数占总死亡人数的1/4。本病在我国发病率也呈逐年上升趋势,已成为当前我国常见病、多发病,给社会和家庭带来沉重的负担。如何预防急性心肌梗死的发生,心梗发生后如何有效地治疗以防止严重并发症的发生,减轻其对生命的威胁和对生活质量的影响,已经成为人们所关注的热点。近年来,西医药对于急性心肌梗死的治疗已有较大的发展,但是尚存在许多问题有待解决。中医药治疗心肌梗死具有一定的优势,可较快改善患者的临床症状,提高病人的生活能力,提高存活率,改善后遗症状等。然而,现有的中药制剂离临床需要还有一定差距,因此,研制更多、更好的吸收快、服用方便、起效迅速、效果明显的中药制剂尤为重要。 研究背景:石菖蒲为天南星科植物石菖蒲(Acorus Tatarinowii Schott.)的干燥根茎。石菖蒲临床上广泛用于治疗心脑血管病,至今有关石菖蒲对中枢神经系统作用的研究较为广泛和深入,对心血管作用的研究较少且不够深入,直接对心肌梗死的研究更少。本单位近年来一直在研究石菖蒲醒脑开窍的作用,发现石菖蒲有调整CNS兴奋性、提高血脑通透性、对脑中风模型大鼠有减轻脑水肿、减轻脑神经细胞凋亡、舒张血管、抗血小板聚集活性、改善学习记忆障碍的作用;其有效部位是挥发油和β-细辛醚。心血管病和脑血管病有许多共同的生理和病理基础,尤其在动脉硬化、血管损伤和血栓形成等方面是共通的。由此设想石菖蒲对心肌梗死也可能有良好的药理作用。于是作者对石菖蒲挥发油及β-细辛醚抗心肌缺血的作用进行初步考察,结果发现其在减轻心肌细胞损伤方面的作用显著。为进一步明确石菖蒲在心血管系统方面的作用,选择“石菖蒲挥发油及β-细辛醚防治急性心肌梗死的药效学研究及机理探讨”进行研究,以系统考察其作用及探讨机理,为新药开发提供实验基础。 研究目的:通过研究石菖蒲有效部位挥发油及单体β-细辛醚对急性心肌梗死的药效作用,并初步探讨其作用机理,为研制防治急性心肌梗死的中药新药提供科学的实验基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 Acute myocardial infarction(AMI) is a kind of coronary heart disease(CHD) which clinical harm is serious, especially happen arrhythmia, heart failure, cardiogenic shock and threat to life when the extent of myocardiolysis is large. People’s living standard and life increase, the morbidity and mortality of AMI increase unceasingly, such as American with 1. 5 million people per year suffered from AMI, so the death number due to AMI is one fourth of total death number. Attack rate of AMI also goes up year by year, and it has become common and frequently encountered disease in our country. So it brings heavy burden to our society and family. How to prevent and cute AMI? How to prevent the serious complication? These questions become hot spots. Near these years, Western medicine has a great development on treating AMI, but there are still many questions unsolved. Traditional Chinese medicine has some superiority on treating AMI, which can improve patients’ clinical symptom, raise viability and survival rate, improve lingering effects, and so on. However , the existent Chinese drugs preparation has. some distance from clinic, so that it is very important to manufacture more and better Chinese drugs preparation which absorb fastly, sume conveniently, effect quickly and visibly.Background:The medical using part(SCP) of Acorus Tatarinowii Schott (the plant is belong to Araceae )is its dry rhizome. SCP is used generally to treat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. Up to now, There have been many and penetrating studies on SCP acting on central nervous system, but there are fewer studies on SCP acting on cardiovascular system and myocardial infarction. Near these years, my unity found that SCP has the following actions: adjustingexcitability of CNS, enhancing the permeability of blood encephalon, lightening cerebral edema on model rats which have caught cerebral paralysis, lightening apoptosis of cranial nerves, relaxing blood vessels, resisting platelet aggregation activity, improving learning ability and dysmnesia. The most effective parts are volatile oil and f3-asarol. There are lots of common physiological and pathological foundation between cardiovascular disease and cerebrovascular disease, especially on arteriosclerosis, injury of blood vessel and thrombosis. Thus, we infer that SCP might be acting well on myocardial infarction. So author tentatively investigate the effect of volatile oil of SCP and f3 -asarone which resist myocardial ischemia. The result discovered that they can lighten the damage of myocardial cell significant, we select "Pharmacodynamic Study and Mechanism of SCP and 3 -asarone on Preventing and Curing Acute Myocardial Infarction" for research to identify its action and approach its mechanism, our point is to offer experiment foundation for manufacturing the new medicine.Aim: Though Studying on volatile oil of SCP and P-asarone effect on acute myocardial infarction a/id approaching its acting mechanism initially to offer scientific experimental foundation for manufacturing the new traditional Chinese medicine on prevention and curing acute myocardial infarction.Methods: Through experiments of atherosclerosis, myocardial ischemia, thrombosis, hyperperviscous blood, hypoxia, clotting time, lyofibrin in vitro, and using the following indexes: blood-fat(CHOL, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C), ET, NO, CGRP, 5-HT, NE, EPI, D-dimer, Fg, PT, APTT, hemorheology, platelet aggregation, weight of thrombus, clotting time of mouse, the weight of plasma fibrin, spot of atherosclerosis, morphology of muscular tissue, and so on, to generously inspect volatile oil of SCP and P-asarone on protecting myocardial infarction, and approach its mechanism of action.Results: ?Volatile oil of SCP and P -asarone can cut down the blood-fat and ET, and raise the content of NO of hyperlipemia rats;?Volatile oil of SCP and P -asarone can cut down the levels of ET, CGRP and NE, and raise the content, of NO of myocardial ischemia rats, and relieve necrosis of myocardial ischemia;?Volatile oil of SCP and 3 -asarone can lower the weight of phlebothrombosis in rats, and extend PT and APTT of blood plasma in rats;?Volatile oil of SCP and P -asarone can improve hemorheology in the rats which have got hyperviscous, especially cut down viscositys of whole blood and blood plasmaobviously;(5)Vlatile oil of SCP and P -asarone can reinforce the mice’ s anoxic ability;?Volatile oil of SCP and 3 -asarone can prolong mice’ s clotting time obviously;?Volatile oil of SCP and P -asarone can solve plasma fibrin;(8)The effect volatile oil of SCP gets close 0-asarone, so that 3-asarone is major active component of volatile oil of SCP on preventing and curing acute myocardial infarction.Conclusion: Results indicate that volatile oil of SCP and 3-asarone can drop blood-fat, resist myocardial ischemia, refrain thrombosis, anticoagulation, lyofibrin, which mechanism of action maybe relate to the following factors: regulate the levels of ET, CGRP, NO, NE, and cut down myocardial consumption of oxygen, extend PT and APTT, improve blood glutinousness. It prompts it may have satisfactory therapeutic efficacy in clinical acute myocardial infarction.更多还原