【作者】 娜日苏；

【导师】 米福贵；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古农业大学 ， 草业科学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本试验对国内外近年来育成的8个高丹草品种(如健宝、皖草2号等),1个饲用甜高粱品种(大力士),1个杂交狼尾草品种(牧特利)以及2个多年生菊科牧草—串叶松香草和菊苣等进行引种栽培试验,并对这些青饲料的生物学特性、生产性能和饲喂利用等进行研究,从中筛选适宜在我区种植的优良青饲料牧草,以解决我区养殖业中普遍存在的青饲料供需矛盾,进而促进我区的畜牧业发展。研究结果如下:(1)8个高丹草品种(健宝、天香2003、先锋、皖草2号、标兵、乐食、瑞奥3号、甘露)、1个饲用甜高粱品种(大力士)和1个杂交狼尾草在呼和浩特地区种植后,表现出较强的适应性,不但产量高,饲用价值也高;青贮后属于品质优良的青贮饲料或品质中等的青贮饲料。可以作为优良青饲料在呼和浩特地区推广种植。(2)三年内串叶松香草越冬率从80%提高到92%,能够在呼和浩特地区安全越冬,产量能够达到3800kg/亩。在呼和浩特地区可刈割三次。营养物质含量高,CP含量11%以上,CF含量19%以下,消化率高,可达到82%以上。串叶松香草在呼和浩特种植,表现良好,可以获得高产、优质的牧草,可以作为优良青饲料牧草在呼和浩特地区推广种植。(3)7个菊苣品中,吉康、软红、奇可立越冬率基本为0,中畜2越冬率为20%,秋日、中畜1越冬率为25%,普那越冬率为80%。只有普那菊苣能够在该地区越冬,其他6个品种适应当地自然条件的能力很差。普那菊苣的第一年返青率80%,第二年返青率有所下降,为65%。产量在1600kg/亩左右,营养价值高,CP含量为15%左右,CF含量为20%左右,但随着生长年限的延续有所下降趋势。消化率高,可达到80%以上,普那菊苣在当地种植表现一般,不及串叶松香草。虽然具有较高的饲用价值,但产量偏低,越冬率较差,如能两个问题能够得到解决,也可以作为优良的青饲料来在当地种植。更多还原

【Abstract】 8 varieties issued from the cross between Sorghum×Sudangrass (such as Jianbao, Wancao No2 etc.), 1 variety of forage Sorghum(Dalishi), and 2 perennial forage species in Chrysanthemum - Silphium perfoliatum L. and Cichorium intybus L. were introduced and planted. From which several adoptable forage crops were selected based on the observations and research results of their biologic characteristics, herbage yield and feeding value. The results are as follows:1、8 varieties issued from the cross between Sorghum×Sudangrass (such as Jianbao, Wancao No2 etc.), 1 variety of forage Sorghum (Dalishi) and 1 Pennisetum Hybrid (Nutrifeed)show the good adaptability, high yield herbage and excellent feeding value after plantation in Huhhot, they could be planted widely in this area.2、Silphium perfoliatum L shows the good performance, it could pass safely the winter in Huhhot, the winter survival had increased from 80% to 92% during three years of plantation; It can be cut three times every year and the fresh herbage yield can reach 3500 kg per mu. The nutrient value of this species performed also, the dry matter contain more than 11% of the CP, and less than 19% of the CF, which let it shows a high digest rate, sometimes this rate could reach 80% above. All of results above show that Silphium perfoliatum L. is a good forage crop, which can be widely planted in Huhhot area.3、The adaptability and the performance of Cichorium intybus were variant. The winter survival of three varieties such as Jikang, Ruanhong, Qikeli were nearly 0, the winter hardness of the varieties, Zhongxu No.2 and Zhongxu No.1 were medium, their winter survival were 20% and 25% respectively. Puna is a only variety, which could pass safely the winter in Huhhot, and its winter survival could reach 80%. The rate of returning green of puna in the first year of plantation was 80%, and 65% in the next year. It could produce 1600 kg fresh herbage per-mu every year, the dry matter of which contain 15%of CP, and 20%of CF, and its digest rate could attain 80% above. In general, the performance of Puna could not be compared with Silphium perfoliatum L. Although it has a higher value, the yield is low, and the rate of living in winter is not satisfied. If the herbage productivity and winter survival could be improved, it can be planted in local area as a good silage.更多还原