【作者】 张丽；

【导师】 姚德；

【作者基本信息】 山东理工大学 ， 应用化学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 对淄博市城市土壤及街道灰尘中的重金属元素污染状况进行调查,对重金属污染元素的赋存形态及其潜在的生态危害进行研究和评价,结果如下:1、淄博城区土壤中受到污染的元素有:Ba、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Mo、Ni、P、Pb、Sb、Sr等元素;其中污染较严重的元素有Cu、Zn、Pb、Hg;污染程度最大的元素是Cd。淄博市城区街道灰尘中典型的污染元素有Hg、Ca、P、Cd、Cu、Mo、Pb、Sb、Zn等元素。其中Hg、Ca这两种元素污染程度最为严重。2、对淄博市城市土壤中重金属污染元素污染程度采用尼梅罗综合污染指数法进行评价。淄博市各区域土壤重金属尼梅罗综合污染指数值I>2的区域有:张店水泥厂附近路旁表土、张店山东铝业公司附近表土、博山公园表土、淄川留仙湖公园表土、沂源振兴街路旁表土。3、与香港、纽约、伦敦等国际大城市的街道灰尘相比,淄博市的Cd、Cu、Pb、Zn等重金属元素的污染程度相对较低,与西安市的街道灰尘相比,淄博市街道灰尘的Cd、Cu、Pb、Zn等重金属元素的污染程度与西安市相差不大。4、淄博市的城市街道灰尘中含量高于城市土壤中赋存的元素含量的元素有Ba、Cr、Cu、Cd、Hg、Pb、Zn、Fe、Mo、Ni、P、Sb、Sr等元素。灰尘中元素含量低于土壤中元素含量的有:Na2O、K2O、As、Mn、Ti、V、MgO等。灰尘中元素含量与土壤中元素含量几乎相等的元素有:U、Co、Th这三种元素。5、对土壤与灰尘中重金属元素的赋存形态进行研究发现:Cd、Zn、Mn、Pb这几种元素具有较高的活性和生物可利用性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The present situation of heavy metals in the city soils and road dusts of ZiBocity was investigated and evaluated. The existing forms and potential ecologicalharms of the heavy metals were studied .The results were showed as follows:1. The soils of ZiBo city was polluted by : Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mo, Ni, P, Pb,Sb and Sr. The pollution of Cu, Zn, Pb, Hg are more serious and Cd is the mostserious.The road dusts of ZiBo city was polluted by Hg, Ca,P, Cd, Cu, Mo, Pb, Sband Zn. Hg and Ca are the most serious. 2. Through Nemerow synthetic index assessment, it can be showed that :theareas whose nemerow synthetic index of soils are bigger than two are : the areabeside ZhangDian Cement Industry, the area beside Aluminium Industry ofShanDong , the domain of BoShan park and Liuxianhu park in ZiChuan ,the areabeside the ZhenXingJie road of YiYuan. 3. Compared with the big city of Hong Kong, NewYork and London, thepollution level of Cd,Cu,Pb,Zn of ZiBo city are lower than these big cities, butthey are close to the level of Xian city .4. The heavy metal in road dusts whose level are higher than those in soilsare : Ba, Cr, Cu, Cd, Hg, Pb ,Zn Fe, Mo, Ni ,P, Sb and Sr.The metals whose levelare lower than those in soils are : Na2O, K2O, As, Mn, Ti ,V and MgO. U, Th andCo, these three metals are similarly in soils and in road dusts.5. Cd, Zn, Mn and Pb whose levels are high in the former three forms whichis easy to transfer and transform and have the higher bioavailability.更多还原