论静词的有无标记性

【作者】 费丽敏；

【导师】 曲志坚；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 俄语语言文学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 标记是语言学中的一个重要概念，尤其在结构主义语言学中占有非常重要的地位，标记理论是结构主义语言学中重要理论之一，自20世纪30年代创立发展到今天已形成了较为完整的理论体系。近年来，对标记现象以及标记理论的研究是语言学界的热点问题之一，标记理论在各个层面都有研究：有从认知角度谈标记理论的，有谈及标记理论与词汇教学的等等。但是，对于具体的词汇的标记性的研究还不足。本文试图在这一领域做以研究：研究静词的有无标记性。文中主要探讨了形容词、名词和代名词的有无标记性问题。 笔者认为，对此问题的研究不仅有一定的理论价值，能帮助我们更深刻地理解语言现象，而且有一定的应用价值，可以更好地指导俄语教学。 除引言和结束语外，全文共分五大部分： 第一部分是理论基础。在这一部分中回顾了标记理论产生的历史背景，对语言标记性的概念做以界定，并提出了语言标记性的判别标准。 第二部分和第三部分是本文的主体部分。第二部分论述了形容词的有无标记性问题。笔者从形容词的词汇—语法类别、形容词的构成、形容词的句法功能、比较句型、疑问句型以及语用层面分析了形容词的有无标记性这一问题。 第三部分论证了名词的有无标记性问题。在这一部分中，笔者从词汇—语法类别、名词的性、数、格范畴、名词的情感意义、种概念和类概念、社会文化因素及语境等方面剖析了名词的有无标记性。 第四部分是代名词的有无标记性。该部分主要论述了人称代名词、疑问代名词、不定和否定代名词的有无标记性。 第五部分是静词的有无标记性对俄语教学的启示。本部分主要谈的是静词的有无标记对词汇教学和语法教学的启示。更多还原

【Abstract】 Markedness is an important concept in linguistics, occupying a position of no small importance in structural linguistics. The markedness theory is one of the most important theories in structural linguistics, which has already set up a complete system of theories from the1930s till today. The research on the markedness phenomenon and the markedness theory in recent years has become one of the hottest problems in the circle of linguistics, with some articles introducing and reviewing the markedness theory, some studying the markedness theory from the cognitive perspective, and some others discussing the markedness theory and vocabulary teaching, etc. However few scholars have touched markedness of lexicon. This paper intends to do some research in this field, studying markedness of quiet phrase, mainly inquirying into the markedness of adjectives, nouns and pronouns.The researcher thinks that this study has not only certain theoretical value, which could help us deeply understand language phenomenon, but also certain practical value, which could better guide and promote Russian teaching.The paper is divided into five parts:The first part is literature review and theoretical framework. In this part, after a review of the history of the markedness theory, distinction a definition of markedness in language is given, and the standard for makedness is put forward.The second and the third part is the main concern of this paper. The second part discusses the markedness of adjectives. The researcher discusses the question from the perspectives of lexical-grammatical category, the formation of adjectives, syntactical function, comparative sentences, interrogative sentences and pragmatics.The third part argues the markedness of nouns. This part deal with the question from the perspectives of lexical-grammatical category, the category of gender, number and case, the emotional meaning of nouns, concept superordinates and hyponyms, social cultural factors and context.The fourth part studies markedness of pronouns. This part mainly discusses the更多还原