【作者】 寇艳秋；

【导师】 盛连喜；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 环境科学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 糠醛(Furfural)又名呋喃甲醛,以其为原料直接或间接衍生出的化工产品达1600多种,是精细化工领域一类较为重要的产品。但在糠醛生产过程中产生大量的高浓度有机废水,对人体及生态环境造成巨大影响。由于污染治理等环保问题未能完全解决,使糠醛行业的发展受到阻碍。1、本文通过色谱-质谱联机对糠醛厂的废水进行了系统分析,根据糠醛废水温度高、醋酸含量大的特点,设计了双效蒸发法治理糠醛废水的实验。结果表明,在实验室条件下,模拟糠醛废水的温度,完全可以实现糠醛废水的有效治理。2、根据糠醛废水的成分分析结果、实验室设计的工艺流程,在糠醛厂实地试验。在糠醛厂中试实验的过程中,根据每个环节的数据,逐渐完善了实验室工作确定的工艺流程,最终形成了一套与糠醛生产同步的糠醛废水治理工艺——双效蒸发法糠醛废水治理工艺。通过对此工艺流程中各装置出口的数据分析,证明了双效蒸发法在糠醛废水治理方面是可行的。从而可以实现环境效益、经济效益及社会效益的统一。3、本文在对糠醛废水治理的同时,利用废水中的醋酸制取环保型融雪剂——醋酸钙镁(CMA)。近年来,醋酸钙镁代替氯化钠作为融雪剂的研究正成为热点,它可以减少氯离子的腐蚀及对地表水的污染,且水溶性好,熔点低,醋酸根可生物降解。本文在实验室条件下,对双效蒸发完成液的排出浓度、活性炭最佳使用条件等进行了摸索,确定了利用糠醛废水提取CMA的工艺,并对生成的CMA成分进行分析测试,进一步证明了利用糠醛废水制取CMA是可行的。更多还原

【Abstract】 Furfural, also called as furan formaldehyde, is necessary in fine chemicals. About 1600kinds of chemical products are derived from it. But human beings and environment areseverely affected by high-concentration organic wastewater discharged in the process offurfural production. Then the progress of furfural industry is disturbed by the problem onpollution control and environment protection. In this article, the chemical composition of furfural wastewater is analyzed bysystematic GC-MS tests. The double-effect evaporation experiment based on hightemperature and abundant concentration of acetate in the wastewater is designed for thedisposition of furfural wastewater. The result shows that the simulative furfural wastewater iseffectively disposed all by the heat energy obtained from the wastewater itself. Field test is carried out in a furfural factory based on the composition analysis and theexperiment results in laboratory. Research in laboratory is perfected according the date ineach part of pilot scale experiment. The double-effect evaporation process for the treatmentof furfural wastewater, which is synchronous with furfural production is put forward. Theapplication of double-effect evaporation on furfural wastewater treatment is proved feasibleaccording output water quality data from each equipment in the process. The process has takeattention on environment protection, economic profit and social benefit.Calcium magnesium acetate (CMA), which is environment friendly deicing agent issynchronously recycled and reused in the process of furfural wastewater treatment. As itshows good water-solubility, low melting point, biodegradable properties and weak chlorineerosion, research on the CMA deicing agent as the substitute of NaCl has been a hotspotrecently. In this article, the concentration of double-effect evaporation condensed solutionand the optimal application condition are found out. The extraction process of CMA fromfurfural wastewater is determined. The chemical composition of CMA is tested and analyzed.The result shows than the process is feasible.更多还原