【作者】 李朗；

【导师】 骆祖江；

【作者基本信息】 河海大学 ， 地质工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 随着国民经济的发展,地下水过量开采引发的地面沉降地质灾害问题日益严重。严峻的形势对地下水资源评价与管理提出了新的要求—地下水资源评价必须与地面沉降预测相结合,以达到在获得最大地下水开采量的同时,将地面沉降控制到最小的目的。 本文以江苏沿江开发带第四纪松散孔隙含水层为研究对象,建立了研究区的地下水开采三维渗流场与地面沉降耦合模型,运用有限差分法对该耦合模型进行数值求解,对该区域地下水位和地面沉降的动态变化趋势进行了预测并提出了优化开采方案。其研究成果为该区域地下水资源的合理开发、地面沉降的有效控制提供了科学依据。主要研究内容如下: 1、系统分析沿江开发带的地质、水文地质和工程地质条件,概化该区域水文地质特点和地面沉降产生机理,建立地下水开采与地面沉降地质概念模型。 2、建立沿江开发带地下水开采三维渗流场与地面沉降耦合模型,运用有限差分法对模型进行求解并编制计算机计算程序。 3、选取2003年1月1日至2003年12月31日的实测水位观测资料,对模型的水文地质参数进行识别、校正,采用类比法确定地面沉降参数,运用编制的程序建立了可视化模型。 4、预测该区域在地下水现状开采模式下今后10年的地下水位和地面沉降量变化趋势。针对现状开采模式下地面沉降预测量过大的问题,在维持地下水现有开采量和尽可能控制地面沉降的前提下,通过调整开采布局,提出地下水优化开采方案。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of the national economy, the land subsidence of geological disaster becomes worse because of excessive pumping groundwater. Under the pressure of the urgent circumstances, the new demand from evaluation and management of the groundwater has been put forward that the evaluation of the groundwater must be combined with subsidence for controlling the subsidence to the greatest extent while getting the maximum quantity of groundwater resources.The quaternary-loose-pore aquifer in developing belt along Yangtze River at Jiangsu Province is studied. A coupling model between 3D groundwater seepage and subsidence is built. By using finite-difference approach, the coupling model is simulated numerically. After modifying and calibrating the numerical model, dynamic changes of groundwater head and subsidence are assessed. All conclusions we sum up in the paper provide scientific reference for the reasonable evaluation of groundwater resources and efficient control of subsidence development for the belt. The main contents are as follows:Firstly, the geologic, hydro-geologic and engineering geologic conditions of the belt are analyzed systemically. After summarizing the hydro-geologic feature and the mechanism of subsidence development, a conceptual model between groundwater and subsidence is built.Secondly, a coupling model between 3D seepage field of groundwater exploitation and subsidence is set up. With the finite-difference approach, the coupling model is simulated numerically and a computer program is written.Thirdly, by using observation borehole datum from January 1, 2003 to December 31, 2003, the hydro-geologic parameters are identified and calibrated. With the method of analogy, the parameters of subsidence are confirmed. Then a visualized computer model is built by calculation program according to the geological condition.Finally, the changes of the hydraulic head and land subsidence for the next ten years are predicted with the existing exploitation’s scheme. Aiming at the problem of the excessive subsidence with the existing exploitation scheme, an exploitation project is put forward on the condition of controlling land subsidence possibly which is exploited with the existing exploitation’s scheme by adjusting exploitation layout.更多还原