【作者】 韩彦来；

【导师】 陈鸿汉； 蔡志洲；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学（北京） ， 环境工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 高速公路的建设和运营,既带动了区域经济的快速发展,又给沿线居民、学校、医院等敏感点带来了噪声污染。声屏障由于其具有占用空间较少、降噪显著的特点,在高速公路上得到了大量的使用,但大多数设计极其不合理,在声屏障设计、选型和材料构造选择上比较随意和盲目。国外,已经形成了比较完善的设计和选型规范;而国内由于对高速公路声屏障研究才刚刚起步,适用性的研究还是一片空白,所以有必要对我国高速公路声屏障的适用性进行研究。 本文在汲取国内外研究成果并总结现有高速公路环保实践经验的基础上,通过大量的调查研究,对高速公路声屏障分别据形式、材料、构造及所处地区进行了详细分类与归纳,并对声屏障构造进行了举例,绘出了声屏障构造图,为我国声屏障设计提供具有实际应用价值的数据库;综合国内外目前声屏障选型设计经验,给出声屏障专家评价系统评价的标准及方法,研究和开发了声屏障的选型及评价系统,使声屏障的设计更具规范化和科学性,尽量发挥声屏障设计的技术效能。以声波压强公式和衍射理论为基础对高速公路声屏障绕射损失理论进行了推导,推导出了有限长声屏障的计算公式并实现了程序化计算,和规范的算法进行了对照,虽然两者相差不大,但公式计算要更简单准确,通过合徐高速路堤单侧声屏障实测验证了高速公路声屏障采用计算公式是可行的。最后根据以上内容,举一工程实例,对我国高速公路声屏障设计具有实用意义。 本文给出了高速公路声屏障声学设计的计算公式,建立了高速公路声屏障的综合评价体系。通过声学设计确定了高速公路声屏障的几何形状和位置,通过综合评价体系选择了适合的声屏障的材料和构造,使设计的高速公路声屏障更加合理和适用。更多还原

【Abstract】 The construction of expressway leads to the fast development of regional economy yet causes noise pollution to the sensitive spots of citizens, school, and hospitals, etc. along the road. Noise barriers, occupying less space and lowering more noises, are much adopted. However, most of them are unreasonably designed. Abroad, comprehensive noise barriers design and lectotype regulations have been established, while in China, research on noise barriers is on the first step, to say nothing of the research on its applicability. So, it is necessary to have such research. This thesis, based on the research achievements abroad and at home and the experience of expressway environmental protection, has a close classification of noise barriers according to their forms, materials, structure and locations, through much investigation. It also has the samples to draw structural graphic of noise barriers, thus to provide valuable and practical date base. The thesis, based on the designing experience of noise barriers, provides the experts’ evaluation criterion and methods and develops noise barriers evaluation system, thus makes their designing more normalized and scientific. , It also deduces the theory of noise barriers’ diffraction loss, based on the formula of sound wave pressure and the theory of diffraction, getting the programmed formula of finite sound barriers and making it be compared with conventional calculation. Though there is only fine distinction between them, formula calculation is simpler and more exact, and it is turns out to be feasible through the experience of noise barriers along one side of He-Xu (Hefei to Xuzhou) Expressway. Last, the thesis has a project as sample, according to the work above, thus has significance to the noise barriers design of expressways in China.The thesis shows the acoustic design formula of noise barriers, thus sets up comprehensive evaluation system. It makes the geometrical figure and location of noise barriers through acoustic design, and chooses appropriate materials and structure of noise barriers through the evaluation system, so to make the expressway with such design more rational and applicable.更多还原