【作者】 黄艳清；

【导师】 李国义；

【作者基本信息】 大庆石油学院 ， 安全技术及工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 近几年,随着油田勘探开发的需要,一种新型的射孔技术-复合射孔技术得到了广泛的推广使用,这种射孔技术能有效地改造地层结构,增大地层裂缝,提高单井产量,投资少见效快,被作为原油上产的主要技术手段而获得广泛的应用。但是在射孔过程中,由于复合射孔器的结构不同于普通的有枪身射孔器,并且在压裂药的影响下,射孔器在点火射孔后,射孔枪容易出现脱裂或断枪,造成射孔枪卡在井内或者掉入井中,给试油工作造成影响,带来不必要的经济损失。因此,对复合射孔器在射孔过程中的受力情况进行分析和计算,进而进行安全评定,是目前要研究的重要课题。本文介绍了复合射孔技术及复合射孔器,通过结构分析,对射孔过程中的复合射孔器进行力学分析和强度计算,并运用爆炸力学理论与试验相结合的方法,对井筒内的压力形成规律进行研究,通过选择合适的安全评定方法,对复合射孔器进行安全评定。其主要内容如下:(1)介绍复合射孔技术及复合射孔器,并进行结构分析。(2)通过复合射孔器的变形分析和强度分析,给出枪身强度校核公式和螺杆强度校核公式,改进螺纹牙强度计算方法,给出强度计算公式。(3)对射孔时井筒内的压力形成规律进行研究,通过运用爆炸力学理论与试验相结合的方法,科学地分析井筒内压力形成规律。(4)对各种安全评定模式进行分析和比较,选择适用性安全评定模式,通过分析复合射孔器安全射孔的影响因素和校核复合射孔器的强度,结合射孔实例对其进行安全评定。更多还原

【Abstract】 Of late years,with the requirement of the oil field exploration and development,a new kindof perforation technique—complex-perforation technique is widely spreaded and used,Thetechnique can reform the structure of layer,enlarge the layer crack,improve the single wellyield,and require less investment and yield quick results,the technique is widely used as maintechnicial method to increase the production of crude oil.But in the perforating process,onaccount of the structure of complex-perforator is more different than the common one,and underthe influence of the crush-powder,the gun will be split and broken easily after the lighted chargeis shoot,which will cause that the gun is blocked and falled in the well,affect the oil experimentand bring unnecessary loss.So it is important for us to analyse and calculate the force conditionof the complex-perforation in perforating process and to evaluate its security.This paper introduces the complex-perforation technique and complex-perforator throughanalysing the structure,dissolve movement force and calculate the static strength of thecomplex-perforator in the process,and through experiment combined togother with theorystudy,the law of pressure is researched.By the means of selecting suitable security evalution,the static strength of complex-perforator is evaluated.The paper mainly includes the substances are as follows:(1) Researching the complex-perforator structure.(2) Analysing movement force and calculate the static strength of the complex-perforator inthe process,together with mechenics analyzing,the gun’s streghth calculation formule isintroduced and the screw tooth streghth calculation method is improved.(3) Researching the law of pressure in the well.Through experiment combined togotherwith theory study,the law of pressure is researched.(4) Analysing and comparing all kinds of security evaluation methods,by the means ofselecting risk security evalution,the strength of complex-perforator is evaluated.更多还原