【作者】 王娜；

【导师】 乔生儒；

【作者基本信息】 西北工业大学 ， 材料学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）树脂以其优异的性能与各种纳米材料巧妙地融合在一起后,可形成多功能、耐热、高阻隔性复合材料,具有广泛的用途及市场前景。至今有关纳米增强PET的研究主要集中在PET/粘土纳米颗粒增强复合材料,对其它纳米颗粒增强的复合材料研究较少。 本文选用改性后的纳米SiO₂、TiO₂及有机蒙脱土（OMMT）,与PET原位聚合制得聚合物/纳米颗粒复合材料,用示差扫描量热法（DSC）研究了三种复合材料的热性能及结晶行为,通过傅立叶红外（IR）及扫描电镜（SEM）观察了纳米颗粒在基体中的分散情况。并设计了避免纳米颗粒发生团聚的混料装置。 本文制得的PET/SiO₂、PET/TiO₂复合材料中,没有新的化学键形成,纳米颗粒与PET的相互作用主要是物理作用。纳米SiO₂及TiO₂分别和分散剂聚乙二醇（PEG）同时加入乙二醇（EG）,然后用超声波分散,可以明显改善其分散性。纳米SiO₂及TiO₂加入PET后,PET的相对粘度及特性粘度都有增加,纳米TiO₂使特性粘度和相对分子量增加得更多。当SiO₂的含量不超过2%时,能够略微提高PET的结晶温度;当SiO₂的含量为3%时,结晶速率常数增大。加入纳米TiO₂起到了异相成核作用,PET/TiO₂纳米复合体系只有TiO₂含量为3%时的过冷度明显减小,结晶能力增强。 PET/纳米OMMT中,PET的链段结构没有受到破坏。有机蒙脱土以纳米级的片层分散在PET基体中,形成剥离型PET/纳米OMMT复合材料,加PEG时蒙脱土被剥离的程度更高。OMMT加入PET后,使PET的结晶温度提高。当OMMT含量为3%时PET/OMMT过冷度最小,OMMT片层对PET异相成核的作用最明显。在含量小于3%时,提高了PET的结晶速率。PET/纳米OMMT复合材料中随OMMT含量增加,相对粘度及特性粘度都有了大幅度的提高。 确立了避免纳米颗粒发生团聚的纳米颗粒与单体聚合物双喷混料装置。设计和选配了主要零部件,并对其进行强度的校核。其中较详细的设计了雾化喷嘴,得出索达尔平均直径（SMD）为80μm。更多还原

【Abstract】 Poly（ethylene terephthalate） PET with excellent properties and various nano-materials form composites which have multi-function, thermal and high barrier property and has wide uses and market. Recently, many researchers mainly reported the PET/clay nanocomposites, for others nano-materials as filler in PET reported little.In this text ,three nano-materials were chosen such as SiO₂、 TiO₂ and organically modified montmorillonite （OMMT）, prepared the polymer/ nanometer composites with in situ method. Studied their thermal property and crystalline performance with DSC, and observed nano-particles dispersing by IR and SEM. The same time designed the blending device to avoid nano-particles agglomerating.In the composites of PET/nano-SiO₂ and PET/nano-TiO₂ there was no new chemical bond and the main interaction, between nanometer particle and PET, was physical. The dispersal can be improved obviously when nanometer SiO₂, TiO₂ and PEG were added in EG respectively. The intrinsic viscosity and relative viscosity of the composites increased simultaneously. But the composites of PET/nano-TiO2 improved them more. When the content of SiO₂ was less than 2%, the crystal temperature increased slightly. When the content of SiO₂ reached to 3%, the constant of crystalline rate was increased. Nanometer TiO₂ was heterogeneous nucleation in the PET. The condensate depression decreased dramatically and crystallinity increased when the content of TiO₂ is 3% of PET/nano-TiO₂ composites.The structure of PET segment had no destroyed in composites of PET/nano-OMMT. OMMT dispersed the matrix of PET with nano-lamellar structure and formed the exfoliation of PET/OMMT nanocomposites, but montmorillonite exfoliated more when added PEG. The crystal temperature of composites increased after adding OMMT. The under-cooling of PET/OMMT was the smallest as the content of OMMT reached to 3%, and the heterogeneous nucleation of the OMMT was remarkable in the matrix of PET. The crystalline rate of the composite was increased when the contentof OMMT less 3%. With the increased of content of OMMT, the intrinsic viscosity and relative viscosity improved simultaneously.It was established that the mixing device of nano-particles and the polymer monomer. And designed and choused the main parts, checked their intension. Among these the atomization was devised in detail and educed the Sauter Medial Diameter （SMD） was 80um.更多还原