【作者】 张岩；

【导师】 吕振林；

【作者基本信息】 西安理工大学 ， 材料加工工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 低铬白口铸铁由于具有良好的耐磨性和较低的价格而在实际生产中得到广泛应用。随着环保要求的提高，有色金属矿山采用回用水进行生产，其中主要包括一定量的Cu²⁺、Fe²⁺／Fe₃₊、SO₄^2-等，回用水中存在的这些离子增加了低铬白口铸铁磨球的磨耗量。 本试验采用三体腐蚀磨损试验方法研究了含有不同浓度离子的介质中低铬白口铸铁的腐蚀磨损特性。结果表明：随料浆中Cu²⁺浓度的增加，低铬白口铸铁的抗腐蚀磨损能力降低。其原因是Cu²⁺与低铬铸铁中的铁单质发生氧化还原反应，产生化学腐蚀而造成材料质量的减少。而磨损的增加又促进化学腐蚀速度加快；同时，低铬铸铁中的铁被置换为铜，铜附着于试样表面，从而使磨料磨损对试样质量的去除更加容易。当料浆中含有一定量Fe²⁺＼Fe³⁺时，作用与Cu²⁺类似，也会与低铬铸铁发生氧化还原反应，造成试样质量流失。同时，磨损又促进浆料中Fe²⁺＼Fe³⁺浓度的增高，加快化学腐蚀。随料浆中SO₄^2-浓度的增加，低铬铸铁腐蚀磨损性能下降，但下降幅度小于同摩尔浓度的Cu²⁺、Fe²⁺＼Fe³⁺料浆。其原因是，中性硫酸盐作为电解质存在于料浆中，促进了试样的电化学腐蚀，进而降低了其腐蚀磨损性能。 为了提高低铬白口铸铁试样的使用性能，在其制作过程中加入合金元素镍、铜，并增加含硅量，尽管合金元素镍、铜的加入及增加硅量，可以提高金属防腐蚀能力，但在本试验条件下，低铬铸铁磨损主要以磨料磨损为主，腐蚀相对较弱，而合金元素的加入降低了其硬度，因此对低铬铸铁在不同离子浆料中的腐蚀磨损耐磨性改善不明显。更多还原

【Abstract】 The low chromium white cast iron has been widely used in the field production as a result of better wear resistance and lower price. With the environmental protection request enhancement, the non-ferrous metal mine uses the water used to carry on the production, in which mainly includes Cu²⁺, Fe²⁺/Fe³⁺, SO₄^2- and so on. In the field production, these ions existences increase the wear of low chromium white cast iron grinding balls.The corrosion wear behaviors of low chromium white cast iron were studied by using three-body corrosion wear tester in slurries contained with different ions concentration in this paper. The results showed that the corrosion wear resistance of low chromium cast iron would be decreased with the increase of Cu²⁺ concentration in slurries. Because Cu²⁺ ion will react with the iron in low chromium white cast iron by oxidation-deoxidation reaction, the quality-loss of low chromium white cast iron would be increased. The speed of chemistry corrosion of low chromium white cast iron would be accelerated with the increase of its wear; At the same time, iron in the surface of low chromium cast iron was changed into copper and deposited in the wear surface. This would lead to the quality of samples removes easily. When the slurries contained some Fe²⁺\Fe²⁺ ions, the Fe²⁺\Fe³⁺ ions acted the same action as Cu²⁺ ion in the slurries. The Fe²⁺\Fe³⁺ ions would react with iron in low chromium cast iron by oxidation-deoxidation reaction, and made the quality-loss of low chromium cast iron increase. The concentration of Fe²⁺\Fe³⁺ in slurries would be increased with the increase of wear of low chromium cast iron, and led the speed of chemistry corrosion increase. With the increase of SO₄^2- ion concentration in slurries, the corrosion-wear resistance of low chromium cast iron would be also decreased, but the decrease degree of corrosion-wear resistance would be smaller than in Cu²⁺, Fe²⁺\Fe³⁺ in slurries. This is because that neutral sulfate existed as electrolyte in the slurries, which could accelerate the electrochemistry corrosion of low chromium cast iron. Therefore the SO₄^2- ion would decrease更多还原